Micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Awoke, Mahider; Menber, Yonatan; Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash; Dagne, Samuel; Tadesse, Tewodros; Wassihun, Yosef

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271984

Cited by 4 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…It was observed that the MAR was between 0.29 and 0.94, and none of the lactating mothers met the RDA for all the micronutrients except for iron, which is consistent with the reports of other studies in Ethiopia and Zambia ( 11 , 14 ). This study also revealed that the overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy (MAR <0.75) among lactating mothers was 72.3%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This study also revealed that the overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy (MAR <0.75) among lactating mothers was 72.3%. This is much higher than the findings of the study, which were in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia ( 14 ) and in rural areas of Indonesia ( 41 ). This high prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy can be explained by factors such as excessive cereal consumption (teff, maize, sorghum, etc.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…As compared to a study in Ethiopia ( 14 ), the difference may be explained by the differences in the study settings. Participants in this study reside in rural areas, whereas the previous study done in Ethiopia was conducted in the city of Bahir Dar, where people are more educated and therefore more aware of how to improve their dietary practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The difference between using RDA or EAR is apparent in the calculation of NAR and determining the prevalence of nutrient inadequacy for each specific nutrient. Other researchers have reported disparities between studies using RDA ( 14 , 43 , 44 ) and EAR ( 8 , 10–12 , 41 , 45 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Another study carried out among lactating mothers in Bahir Dar city of the Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, also highlighted high levels of micronutrient inadequacy among mothers in the city. The study found that the following percentages of city mothers had inadequate levels of the respective micronutrients: vitamin A (98.2%), B1 (13.4%), B2 (54.3%), B3 (42.3%), B6 (65.6%), B9 (25.2%), B12 (68.5%), C (73.8%), calcium (70.9%), iron (0.0%), zinc (4.7%), and selenium (36%) ( 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micronutrient inadequacy among lactating mothers in rural areas of North Mecha District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Menber,

Gashaw,

Belachew

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundLactating mothers are frequently at risk for nutritional deficiencies due to the physiological requirements of lactation. Throughout the world, a significant number of lactating mothers have micronutrient intake inadequacy. Evidence on micronutrient intake during lactation is limited in rural Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine micronutrient intake inadequacy and associated factors among lactating mothers.Methods and materialsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to 18, 2023, among lactating mothers in rural areas of the North Mecha District of Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 449 study participants. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed to collect dietary intake data by using a single multiphasic interactive 24-h dietary recall. The NutriSurvey 2007 software and Ethiopia, Tanzania and Kenya food composition tables were used to calculate nutrient values for the selected 12 micronutrients. For the remainder of the analysis, SPSS version 25 was employed. The Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) were calculated by dividing all NAR values by the number of micronutrients computed to evaluate the nutrient intakes. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors contributing to the overall micronutrient intake inadequacy, and statistical significance was determined at a p value <0.05.ResultA total of 430 lactating mothers participated in the study, with a 96% response rate and a mean age of 29.46 ± 5.55 years. The overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy was 72.3% (95% CI: 67.9, 76.5). The odds of micronutrient intake inadequacy were 2.5 times higher among lactating mothers aged 18–25 years old as compared to mothers in the age group ≥36 years old (AOR = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.09, 5.83). Mothers with the educational status of unable to read and write and primary school incomplete were 3.5 (AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.24, 9.83) and 3.6 (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: 1.06, 11.99) times more likely to have micronutrient intake inadequacy than mothers with secondary school completed or above educational status, respectively. Mothers whose partner’s occupation was other than farming were 3.3 times more likely to have micronutrient intake inadequacy as compared to mothers whose partners were engaged in farming (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.08, 10.27). Lactating mothers who were from food-insecure households were 83% more likely to have high micronutrient intake inadequacy as compared to lactating mothers from food-secure households (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.23). Lactating mothers with nutrition-related unfavorable attitudes were 77% more likely to have inadequate intake of micronutrients compared to lactating mothers with favorable attitudes (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.93).ConclusionThe prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy among lactating mothers was high. Age of the mothers, educational status of the mothers, occupation of the partner, household food security, and nutrition-related attitude were significantly associated with micronutrient intake inadequacy. Community driven nutrition education and interventions are needed to address the high micronutrient intake inadequacy among lactating mothers in rural Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micronutrient inadequacy among lactating mothers in rural areas of North Mecha District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Menber,

Gashaw,

Belachew

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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Validation of the minimum dietary diversity for women as a predictor of micronutrient adequacy among lactating women in Ethiopia

Menber,

Gashaw,

Belachew

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundThe Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) indicator is used as a proxy indicator for assessing micronutrient adequacy among women of the reproductive age group. Variations were observed in studies, and there was also a lack of evidence regarding the performance of this proxy indicator in Ethiopia, a country with diverse dietary consumption practices. This study aimed to validate the performance of the MDD-W in predicting micronutrient intake adequacy among lactating women in Ethiopia.Methods and materialsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 457 lactating women in Northwest Ethiopia from February 2 to 18, 2023. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 457 study participants. A single multiphasic interactive 24-h dietary recall was used to collect dietary intake data. Ten food groups were used to compute the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women, and the Mean Adequacy Ratio was used to assess nutrient intake adequacy. Spearman’s rank correlation test, Cohen’s kappa statistics, and ROC curve analysis were conducted. The optimal cutoff points for Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women were determined by selecting the points that maximized the Youden index.ResultsMDD-W had poor positive correlation (ρ = 0.19, p < 0.001) and poor predictive ability (AUC = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.67) (p < 0.001) with the Mean Adequacy Ratio in determining micronutrient intake adequacy. The sensitivity and specificity of the MDD-W in the ≥5 food groups standard cutoff were 25.2 and 82.3%, respectively. The optimal cutoff point for MDD-W to predict micronutrient intake adequacy was ≥3 food groups.ConclusionMinimum Dietary Diversity for Women had a poor correlation and poor predictive ability in predicting micronutrient intake adequacy. The variations noted in studies and differences from the Food and Agriculture Organization recommendations regarding the cutoff and level of performance of MDD-W in defining micronutrient adequacy warrant further investigation.

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Diet quality and snack preferences of Turkish adolescents in private and public schools

Sezer,

Alpat Yavaş,

Saleki

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionSocioeconomic level is one of the important factors determining diet quality. Snack preferences are affected by socioeconomic level. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of socioeconomic levels on diet quality and snack preferences among adolescents from different socioeconomic backgrounds.MethodsThe study involved 118 adolescents aged between 10-18 years residing in Istanbul. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was used to obtain information on the adolescents’ dietary habits, consumption of main meals and snacks, habits, and food consumption records. The participants’ food consumption was assessed using the retrospective 24-hour recall method, and diet quality was evaluated using the calculated nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR).ResultsThe mean age of the adolescents was 16.42±0.89 years. The number of snacks consumed in private schools was found to be higher than in public schools (p < 0.05). The NAR score for vitamin C consumption was significantly higher in private schools compared to public schools (p < 0.05). Although the MAR scores of adolescents in private schools were higher than those in public schools, this difference was not statistically significant. The majority of adolescents in private schools regularly consumed fresh fruit (67.2%), milk (60.3%), yogurt (60.3%), and nuts (56.9%) as snacks. In contrast, 45% of adolescents in public schools regularly consumed pastries (p < 0.05).DiscussionIt was observed that adolescents studying in public schools had a lower tendency to prefer healthy foods for snacks compared to those in private schools. Socioeconomic level was identified as an important factor influencing eating habits during adolescence. Considering that the level of income is significantly different between the adolescents studying at private and public schools, the higher consumption of snacks by the adolescents studying at private school may be associated with higher income.

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Micronutrient intake inadequacy and its associated factors among lactating women in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Micronutrient inadequacy among lactating mothers in rural areas of North Mecha District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Micronutrient inadequacy among lactating mothers in rural areas of North Mecha District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Validation of the minimum dietary diversity for women as a predictor of micronutrient adequacy among lactating women in Ethiopia

Diet quality and snack preferences of Turkish adolescents in private and public schools

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