Micronutrient Intake in the Etiology, Prevention and Treatment of Osteosarcopenic Obesity

Kelly, Owen; Gilman, Jennifer C.; Kim, Youjin; Ilich, Jasminka Z.

doi:10.2174/1874609809666160509122001

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…The latter two play a substantial role in metabolic homeostasis, determining to what extent an individual is able to preserve bone mass, muscle mass and overall function, while still preserving an optimal body weight or reducing obesity with age 61,62…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A typically low dietary fiber intake in older Americans is associated with insulin resistance and increased inflammation, especially in the obese 64. The Western diet is also characterized by a high ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which contributes to low-grade chronic inflammation and other unfavorable physiological outcomes 3,61,62. Besides the relatively unwholesome diet, older adults also often consume less nutrients secondary to decreased appetite, side effects from medications, dementia or a desire for weight loss.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids, in addition to the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids on numerous health outcomes, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), specifically, were shown to promote bone formation and reduce the negative effects of adiposity on bone 77. The combination of low protein, high simple carbohydrates, deficiencies of calcium, magnesium and potassium and excess of phosphorus, sodium and iron may be associated with lower bone mass, sarcopenia and obesity and, therefore, OSO syndrome 61,62. Overall, the nutrient composition of the Western diet, distribution and amounts, for both macro and micronutrients may not promote healthy aging and may be contributing to the development of OSO syndrome.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Osteosarcopenic obesity in women: impact, prevalence, and management challenges

Jafarinasabian¹,

Inglis²,

Kelly³

et al. 2017

IJWH

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Osteosarcopenic obesity syndrome (OSO) has recently been identified as a condition encompassing osteopenia/osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obesity. OSO is especially deleterious in older adults (even if they are not obese by conventional measures), due to age-related redistribution of fat and its infiltration into bone and muscle. Osteoporosis and bone fractures in elderly increase the risk of sarcopenia, which, through decreased mobility, increases the risk of more falls and fractures, creating a vicious cycle. Obesity plays a dual role: to a certain extent, it promotes bone and muscle gains through mechanical loading; in contrast, increased adiposity is also a source of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other endocrine factors that impair bone and muscle. As the elderly population increases, changes in lifestyle to delay the onset of OSO, or prevent OSO, are warranted. Among these changes, dietary patterns and physical activity modifications are the first ones to be implemented. The typical Western diet (and lifestyle) promotes several chronic diseases including OSO, by facilitating a pro-inflammatory state, largely via the imbalance in omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio and low-fiber and high-processed food consumption. Nutritional modifications to prevent and/or alleviate the OSO syndrome include adequate intake of protein, calcium, magnesium and vitamin D and increasing consumptions of foods containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and fiber. Certain types of physical activity, often decreased in overweight/obese women and in elderly, might preserve bone and muscle, as well as help in reducing body fat accrual and fat infiltration. Habitual daily activities and some alternative modes of exercise may be more appropriate for older adults and play a crucial role in preventing bone and muscle loss and maintaining optimal weight. In conclusion, older adults who suffer from OSO syndrome may benefit from combined efforts to improve diet and physical activity, and such recommendations should be fostered as part of public health programs.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Osteosarcopenic obesity in women: impact, prevalence, and management challenges

Jafarinasabian¹,

Inglis²,

Kelly³

et al. 2017

IJWH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fish oil is a rich source of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) . EPA and DHA have been studied for their potential to reduce inflammatory processes and decrease the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulation of Fish Oil Into Low‐Cost Alginate Beads and EPA‐DHA Release in a Rumino‐Intestinal In Vitro Digestion Model

Olloqui¹,

Castañeda‐Ovando²,

Hernández-Sánchez³

et al. 2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Fish oil‐origin eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are encapsulated with formulated alginate to prevent biohydrogenation in the rumen. Beads are formulated with 0.3%, 1.0%, and 2.0% of alginate. Bead surface pore‐formation is characterized by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Observed pore sizes according to alginate concentration are 17–33 μm (0.3%), 10–18 μm (1.0%), and 5–10 μm (2.0%). Release of EPA and DHA is evaluated during ruminal, abomasal, and intestinal simulated digestion. Beads shows high percentage of encapsulation efficiency (91.39% from EPA and 93.51% from DHA). Beads designed (1.0%) allows to obtain EPA release of 13.65% (ruminal digestion), 29.07% (abomasal digestion), and 28.21% (intestinal digestion); while, DHA releases under the same conditions are: 18.55%, 26.78%, and 43.16%, respectively. Beads with 1.0% of alginate had the best release pattern during ruminal simulated digestion allowing an increased intestinal availability of EPA and DHA. Practical Applications: Fish oil encapsulation into alginate beads is a good alternative for ruminant diets supplementation, which will allow to get animal origin food (milk and meat, mainly) enriched with essential fatty acids such as EPA and DHA. Alginate beads are used as encapsulating material to prevent the biohydrogenation of EPA and DHA fatty acids during simulated ruminal digestion. The encapsulated efficiency and the release are calculated by GC

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“…inadequate nutrients intake may further aggravate the decline in muscle protein synthesis and contribute to muscle loss in older adults [31,33,34]. Resistance training may reduce fat mass [35] while improving bone mineral density [36,37].…”

Section: Considerable Evidence Exists Regarding the Fact That Low Phymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Exercise and Dietary Intervention Affect the Outcome of Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome?

Jafarinasabian¹

2018

Preprint

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Micronutrient Intake in the Etiology, Prevention and Treatment of Osteosarcopenic Obesity

Cited by 38 publications

References 133 publications

Osteosarcopenic obesity in women: impact, prevalence, and management challenges

Osteosarcopenic obesity in women: impact, prevalence, and management challenges

Encapsulation of Fish Oil Into Low‐Cost Alginate Beads and EPA‐DHA Release in a Rumino‐Intestinal In Vitro Digestion Model

How Exercise and Dietary Intervention Affect the Outcome of Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome?

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