Micronutrient Composition of 35 Food Fishes from India and Their Significance in Human Nutrition

Abstract

The micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are required in small amounts but are essential for health, development, and growth. Micronutrient deficiencies, which affect over two billion people around the globe, are the leading cause of many ailments including mental retardation, preventable blindness, and death during childbirth. Fish is an important dietary source of micronutrients and plays important role in human nutrition. In the present investigation, micronutrient composition of 35 food fishes (includes both finfishes and shellfishes) was investigated from varying aquatic habitats. Macrominerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se) were determined by either atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)/atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Phosphorus content was determined either spectrophotometrically or by ICP-AES. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis showed that, in general, the marine fishes were rich in sodium and potassium; small indigenous fishes (SIFs) in calcium, iron, and manganese; coldwater fishes in selenium; and the brackishwater fishes in phosphorous. The marine fishes Sardinella longiceps and Epinephelus spp. and the SIFs were rich in all fat-soluble vitamins. All these recommendations were made according to the potential contribution (daily value %) of the species to the recommended daily allowance (RDA). Information on the micronutrients generated would enhance the utility of fish in both community and clinical nutrition.

Association of Serum Manganese Levels with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our conclusion. Second, Mn, as one of most important micronutrients for human health, naturally exists in daily diets [51,52]. Thus, the serum Mn levels are affected by dietary intake of Mn.…”

Nutritional composition of different size groups of catfish Rita rita (Hamilton, 1822) from river Ganga

“…Sodium content was also significantly high in medium size fishes like potassium. Average sodium content was higher in R. rita (2700 ppm) than other catfishes, S. seenghala (1983.11 ppm), H. fossilis (2040.38 ppm) and C. batrachus (2080.00 ppm) (Mohanty et al, 2016). Calcium content was significantly high in large fishes (1900.00 ppm) and it was higher than Indian major carp L. rohita (862.8 ppm) but lower in comparison to S. seenghala (4581.15 ppm) (Mohanty et al, 2012), H. fossilis (1950.35 ppm) and C. batrachus (2250.75 ppm) (Gopakumar, 1997;Mohanty et al, 2016).…”

“…Among the macro-minerals, potassium was predominant followed by phosphorous, sodium, calcium and magnesium. Potassium content in all the three size groups of R. rita was higher than other catfishes viz., S. seenghala (13780.01 ppm) (Mohanty et al, 2012), H. fossilis (1864.67 ppm) and C. batrachus (2621.04 ppm) (Mohanty et al, 2016) and almost two times higher than that of the nutrient dense small indigenous fish, P. sophore (2283.7 ppm) . Similarly, phosphorus content was almost ten times higher in R. rita (13333.0 ppm) than other catfishes, C. batrachus (1300.59 ppm) and H. fossilis (1070.09 ppm) (Noor et al, 2013).…”

“…Similarly, sex variation was also not included in the present study, as sex is of very little concern for the consumers. However, based on nutritional composition Mohanty et al, (2016) T. Mitra et al…”

“…Similarly, fatty acids play crucial role in maintaining health and cellular functions. Minerals are required in very trace amount; however, they are essential for maintaining proper homeostasis in the body like health, development, growth Mohanty et al, 2016). As information on the nutrients in this species is meagre, in the present study we investigated the nutritional composition of the species and how it can contribute to nutritional security.…”