Micronucleus in Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions and Carcinoma

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: To score and compare micronucleus (MN) in the whole spectrum of cervical lesions including normal, inflammatory, abnormal squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASC-US), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and invasive cancer (IC) and to evaluate the role of MN as a biomarker in different pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 224 slides, comprised of normal (40), inflammatory (40), ASC-US (30), LSIL (38), HSIL (30) and IC (46), were studied. All the cases of HSIL, IC and ASC-US had histopathology. The LSIL, normal and inflammatory smears were again reviewed by 2 experienced cytopathologists independently. Two observers separately and independently counted the number of micronucleated cells per 1,000 of epithelial cells in oil immersion magnification (×100 objective) which was expressed as MN score per 1,000 cells. Results: The mean MN scores ± SD in normal, inflammatory, ASC-US, LSIL, HSIL and IC cases of cervical lesions were 1.02 ± 1.59, 0.4250 ± 0.71208, 2.87 ± 2.21, 4.7368 ± 5.62179, 21.30 ± 17.18 and 18.50 ± 9.54, respectively. MN scores of IC and HSIL were significantly high compared to the normal (p < 0.000), the inflammatory (p < 0.000), the ASC-US (p < 0.000) and to the LSIL (p < 0.000) group (analysis of variance test). LSIL showed significant difference with the normal (p = 0.043), the inflammatory (p = 0.019), the HSIL (p < 0.000) and the IC (p < 0.000) group but not with the ASC-US (p = 0.342) group. Conclusions: MN scoring on the epithelial cells of cervix could be used as a biomarker in cancer screening. This is an easy, simple, reliable, reproducible and objective test which can be performed on routinely stained smears.

Increased micronucleus count predicts malignant behavior in pleural e usion uid

“…We observed that suspicious cases had significantly higher MN frequency than reactive cases and lower MN frequency than malignant cases (P < 0.001). These findings are compatible with the results of other studies, which indicate that MN scoring is correlated to the grade of malignancy in breast aspirations and cervical smears (22,27,32). In addition, we found that MN counts in these suspicious cytological samples are correlated well with their final diagnoses (P < 0.001, with a power of 0.99).…”

“…Besides fine needle aspiration smears, the frequency of MN helped to detect atypical cells in urine samples and ascitic effusion, indicating malignancy (24,30,31). Moreover, our findings are consistent with the findings of studies on the frequency of MN in exfoliative, fine needle aspiration, and effusion smears (22,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Micronúcleos em células do colo uterino em mulheres HIV+ segundo sua condição de imunidade

“…Em face de nossos resultados, em que pese ao pequeno número de pacientes analisados, pudemos concluir que as pacientes HIV+ em fase de AIDS têm maior ocorrência de células micronucleadas do que a população controle e, também, a frequência com que são detectadas células micronucleadas parece se associar a piores condições clíni-cas da imunossupressão. Esses achados apoiam o proposto por Samanta et al 14 , que consideram o MN importante biomarcador para identificar condições pré-neoplásicas muito antes do estabelecimento de seus primeiros sinais clínicos. O acompanhamento em longo prazo das pacientes envolvidas no estudo, bem como a interpretação de outras variáveis, tais como o uso de terapêutica antirretroviral, permitirá analisar se efetivamente aquelas com maior número de MN evoluirão para lesões cervicais mais frequentes e graves.…”

“…Podem ser considerados marcadores morfológicos de lesão celular com potencial genotóxico de desenvolvimento neoplásico [13][14][15] . Estes danos cromossômicos costumam ser causados pela exposição das células a diferentes agentes genotóxicos, como radiações ionizantes 15 , materiais químicos 16 ou substâncias biológicas 17 .…”

Role of Micronuclesus in Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions and Carcinoma

“…[1] Its presence in a cell is a sensitive indicator of chromosomal damage. A direct association between increased MN frequency and cancer development has already been reported in head and neck, [2] colonic, [3] cervical, [4] and urothelial malignancies.…”