Microniches occupied by bryophilous ascomycetes

Döbbeler, Peter

doi:10.1127/0029-5035/2002/0075-0275

Cited by 65 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…In striking contrast we must underline that, despite a huge number of reports of fungal fruiting bodies growing on mosses (Dobbeler 1997), many of which are species-specific, a symbiotic relationship has yet to be demonstrated. Apart from specialized rostellopsid (chytrid) parasites that colonize the rhizoid apical cells in a handful of mosses (Martinez-Abaigar et al 2005) all other fungal structures reported on mosses are confined to dead or dying host cells; we know not a single electron micrograph illustrating a healthy hypha in a healthy moss cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fungal symbioses in bryophytes: New insights in the Twenty First Century

Pressel¹,

Bidartondo²,

Ligrone³

et al. 2014

Phytotaxa

114

126

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Fungal symbioses are one of the key attributes of land plants. The twenty first century has witnessed the increasing use of molecular data complemented by cytological studies in understanding the nature of bryophyte-fungal associations and unravelling the early evolution of fungal symbioses at the foot of the land plant tree. Isolation and resynthesis experiments have shed considerable light on host ranges and very recently have produced an incisive insight into functional relationships. Fungi with distinctive cytology embracing short-lived intracellular fungal lumps, intercellular hyphae and thick-walled spores in Treubia and Haplomitrium are currently being identified as belonging to a more ancient group of fungi than the glomeromycetes, previously assumed to be the most primitive fungi forming symbioses with land plants. Glomeromycetes, like those in lower tracheophytes, are widespread in complex and simple thalloid liverworts. Limited molecular identification of these as belonging to the derived clade Glomus Group A has led to the suggestion of host swapping from tracheophytes. Ascomycetes, all identified to date as Rhizoscyphus ericae and having an extremely wide host range extending into the Ericales, occur in the rhizoids of a range of leafy liverwort families that are sister to the Schistochilaceae, where the fungus induces rhizoid branching and septation. Dating of the Schistochilaceae suggests that these liverwort rhizoid associations predated ericoid mycorrhizas. A more restricted distribution of basidiomycetes, all identified as members of the genus Sebacina, is interpreted as a secondary acquisition in leafy liverworts following the loss of ascomycetes. Unlike the latter and ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes in tracheophytes, these are host specific. Whereas there is no evidence of host digestion for either the ascomycetes or basidiomycetes in leafy liverworts, basidiomycetes in the Aneuraceae display regular colonization and digestion cycles. Considerable molecular diversity in the aneuracean fungi, mainly in the genus Tulasnella with occasional sebacinoids, mirrors the same in the host liverworts. Nesting of the only mycoheterotrophic liverwort Cryptothallus within Aneura is congruent with the phylogeny of the endophytes. Glomeromycete fungi have been identified in Phaeoceros and Anthoceros whereas Dendroceros, Megaceros and Nothoceros lack endophytes but the distribution of fungi across hornworts has yet to be explored. In contrast to liverworts and hornworts, there is no evidence of mycorrhiza-like associations in mosses. Claims that the fossil Prototaxites was a fossil fungus-associated liverwort are discounted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fungal symbioses in bryophytes: New insights in the Twenty First Century

Pressel¹,

Bidartondo²,

Ligrone³

et al. 2014

Phytotaxa

114

126

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“…Bryophylous fungi are common on mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Taxonomically diverse fungi are found in this associations, especially ascomycetes (Döbbeler 1997(Döbbeler , 2002) but also zygomycetes (Thormann et al 2001), and basidiomycetes such as Eocronartium muscicola (Pers.) Fitzp., Naucoria sphagneti P.D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Faegri 1980). Many genera of these fungi are obligate parasites with most of them belonging to the Pezizomycotina (Döbbeler 1997(Döbbeler , 2002Frieders & McLaughlin 2001). Others live in a symbiotic association similar to the arbuscular mycorrhiza (Schüssler 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First records of Eocr Onartium muscicola (Basidiomycota, Eocronartiaceae) in Chile on two new hosts

et al. 2012

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“…Fungi have been found in protonema, rhizoids, cells of thallus, cells of leaves and cell organelles of bryophytes. All these structures form niches (microniches) and they offer fungi elements indispensable for their living (Dobbeler 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Glomus tenue (Greenall) Hall with the hepatic Mannia fragrans (Balb.)Frye & Clark

DE¹

2017

Int. J. Adv. Res. Biol. Sci

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Glomus tenue (Greenall)Hall, an aseptate fungus, is found associated with the gametophyte of the liverwort Mannia fragrans(Balb.)Frye & Clark.Fungal hyphae mostly colonize the smooth-walled rhizoids but also scales and tuberculate rhizoids through which they pass upward into the gametophyte parenchyma of the midrib and spread from cell to cell across the wall of two adjacent cells through plasmodesmata. Vesicles develop in smooth-walled rhizoids and also in scales but not in tuberculate rhizoids. In some smooth-walled rhizoids 'false" pegs develop which are probably the entry points for nonsymbiotic fungi. Within some smooth-walled rhizoids the fungus forms branches of varying size which may be the additional sites of nutrient exchange besides the arbuscules formed within the thallus. The fungus in the thallus is mostly intracellular but rarely intercellular. In the thallus vesicles and arbuscules develop mostly within the cells of midrib. Smaller branches of old intracellular arbuscules degenerate leaving clumps of collapsed hyphae. The young tissue close to the growing tip and also the parenchyma cells overarching the midrib are found fungus free.

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Microniches occupied by bryophilous ascomycetes

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Fungal symbioses in bryophytes: New insights in the Twenty First Century

Fungal symbioses in bryophytes: New insights in the Twenty First Century

First records of Eocr Onartium muscicola (Basidiomycota, Eocronartiaceae) in Chile on two new hosts

Association of Glomus tenue (Greenall) Hall with the hepatic Mannia fragrans (Balb.)Frye & Clark

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