Microneurosurgical training model in fresh cadaveric cow brain: a laboratory study simulating the approach to the circle of Willis

The use of fresh cadaveric cow brain as an experimental model for Sylvian fissure microdissection

“…On the other hand, an adequate microsurgical technique including dissection, separation, and retraction of the sulcus and/or cisternae is extremely important in the prevention of bruised effect of metallic microsurgical instruments. The Microsurgical technique enables the neurosurgeon to dissect and expose the intracranial lesion such as aneurysms, vascular malformations and tumors in a natural pathway within the subarachnoidal cisterns and sulcus [7]. Specifically, stereoscopic magnification with deep zoom and sharp focus provides the neurosurgeon adequate view of the pathology [1].…”

“…Specifically, stereoscopic magnification with deep zoom and sharp focus provides the neurosurgeon adequate view of the pathology [1]. Arachnoid dissection is the real key to successful aneurysm operations [7,8]. Knowing the anatomy of subarachnoid cisternae is also important.…”

“…Knowing the anatomy of subarachnoid cisternae is also important. Specific micro-neurosurgical techniques such as proper use of the operative microscope, holding and grasping of the microneurosurgical instruments, a proper microsurgical technique of the opening of the arachnoid membranes, safe and delicate neurovascular dissection, and careful and proper micro-drilling of the cranial base bones should be learned before operating on a patient [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Theoretical knowledge, practical techniques, and microsurgical operative disciplines for the extreme protection of the delicate brain and related structures located within the cranium are mainly provided during the residency years of neurosurgical education [4,5,7].…”

“…Specific micro-neurosurgical techniques such as proper use of the operative microscope, holding and grasping of the microneurosurgical instruments, a proper microsurgical technique of the opening of the arachnoid membranes, safe and delicate neurovascular dissection, and careful and proper micro-drilling of the cranial base bones should be learned before operating on a patient [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Theoretical knowledge, practical techniques, and microsurgical operative disciplines for the extreme protection of the delicate brain and related structures located within the cranium are mainly provided during the residency years of neurosurgical education [4,5,7]. Many neurosurgeons interested in microneurosurgery try to gain some additional and advanced progress in the improving their micro-neurosurgical ability including brain protection and delicate micro-neurosurgical techniques in laboratory training setting [2,4,5,7].…”

“…Theoretical knowledge, practical techniques, and microsurgical operative disciplines for the extreme protection of the delicate brain and related structures located within the cranium are mainly provided during the residency years of neurosurgical education [4,5,7]. Many neurosurgeons interested in microneurosurgery try to gain some additional and advanced progress in the improving their micro-neurosurgical ability including brain protection and delicate micro-neurosurgical techniques in laboratory training setting [2,4,5,7]. Spending of time in experimental microsurgical laboratory to practice some microsurgical models such as dissection and suturing of the rat external carotid artery, dissection and evaluation of the abdominal vena cava of rats, suturing of the plastic glove materials by using microforceps under the operating microscope, drilling and dissection of the some cadaveric bone materials are essential improving and gaining of advanced micro-neurosurgical practical techniques [2,4,5,7].…”