Micromorphology of the model species pea aphidAcyrthosiphon pisum(Hemiptera, Aphididae) with special emphasis on the sensilla structure

Polyphenism in Antennal Sensilla Among Different Adult Morphs of Nonhost-Alternating, Holocyclic Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…Antennae are important in insect sensory systems thanks the role of odorant-binding proteins in host and food searching and mating ( Dahanukar et al 2005 , Scieuzo et al 2021 ) and this is valid for aphids where antenna sensilla play a central role in dispersal, host location, and mating ( Pickett et al 1992 , Zhao and Ban 2011 ). The aphid antennal sensilla are generally divided into trichoid, placoid, coeloconic, and campaniform sensilla ( Zhao and Ban 2011 , Kanturski et al 2018a , Kanturski et al 2018b , Kanturski et al 2020 ). Type I trichoid sensilla are often distributed along antennal segments and serve as mechanoreceptors; type II trichoid sensilla are located at the tip of antennae and serve as mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors ( Ban et al 2015 , Kanturski et al 2020 ).…”

“…The aphid antennal sensilla are generally divided into trichoid, placoid, coeloconic, and campaniform sensilla ( Zhao and Ban 2011 , Kanturski et al 2018a , Kanturski et al 2018b , Kanturski et al 2020 ). Type I trichoid sensilla are often distributed along antennal segments and serve as mechanoreceptors; type II trichoid sensilla are located at the tip of antennae and serve as mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors ( Ban et al 2015 , Kanturski et al 2020 ). Big multiporous placoid sensillum (primary rhinarium) and a group of sensilla (primary rhinaria, consisting of one big multiporous placoid sensillum, small ones, and sunken coeloconic sensilla) have a similar distribution and number of morphs and studies have demonstrated their olfactory functions in response to plant odors and alarm pheromones ( Nottingham et al 1991 , Du et al 1995 , Park and Hardie 2002 , 2004 , Sun et al 2012 , Xue et al 2016 , Bruno et al 2018 ).…”

“…The number and distribution of small multiporous placoid sensilla (secondary rhinaria) vary among the morphs of conspecies, with males possessing the greatest abundance of secondary rhinaria ( Du et al 1995 , Zhang and Zhang 2000 , Park and Hardie 2002 ). Alate virginoparae and gynoparae also have a large number of secondary rhinaria, while in apterous virginoparae and oviparae these rhinaria are present in small number or disappear completely ( Du et al 1995 , Zhang and Zhang 2000 , Park and Hardie 2002 , Kanturski et al 2020 , Song et al 2020 ). Secondary rhinaria showed a substantially greater response to nepetalactone and nepetalol in males and gynoparae but not in alate virginoparae ( Park and Hardie 2002 , 2004 ).…”

“…Secondary rhinaria showed a substantially greater response to nepetalactone and nepetalol in males and gynoparae but not in alate virginoparae ( Park and Hardie 2002 , 2004 ). Dorsal pedicel bears campaniform sensillum in each morph ( Kanturski et al 2020 ). These data suggest that the distribution and number of antennal sensilla in each morph might be strongly associated with morph-specific functions and behaviors throughout the life cycle ( Pickett et al 1992 , Kanturski et al 2020 ).…”

“…Dorsal pedicel bears campaniform sensillum in each morph ( Kanturski et al 2020 ). These data suggest that the distribution and number of antennal sensilla in each morph might be strongly associated with morph-specific functions and behaviors throughout the life cycle ( Pickett et al 1992 , Kanturski et al 2020 ).…”