Micromonospora schwarzwaldensis sp. nov., a producer of telomycin, isolated from soil

Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming actinomycete strain (HKI0641 T ) was isolated from a soil sample collected in the Black Forest, Germany. During screening for antimicrobial natural products this bacterium was identified as a producer of the antibiotic telomycin. Morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic data indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Micromonospora. The peptidoglycan of strain HKI0641T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the fatty acid profile consisted predominantly of anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 and C 16 : 0 . MK-10(H 4 ), MK-10(H 2 ) and MK-10 were identified as the major menaquinones. To determine the taxonomic positioning of strain HKI0641T , we computed a binary tanglegram of two rooted phylogenetic trees that were based upon 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences. The comparative analysis of the two common classification methods strongly supported the phylogenetic affiliation with the genus Micromonospora, but it also revealed discrepancies in the assignment at the level of the genomic species. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified Micromonospora coxensis DSM 45161 T (99.1 % sequence similarity) and Micromonospora marina DSM 45555 T (99.0 %) as the nearest taxonomic neighbours, whereas the gyrB sequence of strain HKI0641 T indicated a closer relationship to Micromonospora aurantiaca DSM 43813 T (95.1 %). By means of DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, it was possible to resolve this issue and to clearly differentiate strain HKI0641 T from other species of the genus Micromonospora. The type strains of the aforementioned species of the genus Micromonospora could be further distinguished from strain HKI0641 T by several phenotypic properties, such as colony colour, NaCl tolerance and the utilization of carbon sources. The isolate was therefore assigned to a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora schwarzwaldensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HKI0641 T (5DSM 45708 T 5CIP 110415 T ).

Biosynthetic Studies of Telomycin Reveal New Lipopeptides with Enhanced Activity

“…In the 1960s, a first partial structure of telomycin containing a permutation of three amino acids was published. , Two nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) based studies on telomycin in 1973 provided the correct structure of the complex molecule. , Telomycin ( 1 , Chart ) is a cyclic depsipeptide which is composed of 11 amino acids including five non-proteinogenic ones. It is composed of a nonapeptide lactone ring formed between the 4 Thr hydroxyl group and the C-terminal carboxyl group. − Only a few reports on this compound were published after the structure of telomycin was elucidated, − and to date, the mode of action (MoA) is still unclear. However, studies on a truncated analogue of telomycin lacking an aspartic acid and hydroxylation of cis -3-hydroxyl-proline called LL-AO341 β 1 revealed that specific inhibition of DNA, RNA, protein, lipid, or peptidoglycan synthesis by LL-AO341 β 1 could not be detected.…”

Streptomyces coeruleorubidus as a potential biocontrol agent for Newcastle disease virus

“…3 1H1 Peak analysis by NMR spectrum of telomycin antibiotic using chloroform as a solvent Fig. 4 Chemical structure of telomycin as reported by Gurovic et al [15] partial inhibition of the glycoprotein-C dependent binding of the virions, and secondly by inhibition of events that occur after binding the virus to cells [26]. Another effective drug is which, when combined in a low dose with monocaprin, offers an effective treatment for herpes labialis, significantly reducing the time to healing and pain [26,27].…”

“…It was discovered in 1958, and the structure was subsequently solved in 1968 [14]. Due to its functional groups found in the structure, it has activity against viral systems such as hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) [15]. The secondary metabolites of S. coeruleorubidus (telomycin: oxaoctaazacyclooctacosine) were studied by investigating its antiviral against influenza virus activity [18].…”

Structure and Antibacterial Activity of Ambobactin, a New Telomycin-Like Cyclic Depsipeptide Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens F3

“…This natural undecapeptide consists of aspartic acid, serine, threonine, allo -threonine, alanine, glycine, cis - and trans -3-hydroxyproline, β-hydroxyleucine, β-methyltryptophan and α,β-didehydrotryptophan [6]. In recent years, telomycin has also been isolated from the metabolites of Streptomyces canus and Micromonospora schwarzwaldensis [7,8]. Besides, antibiotic LL-AO341β1, an analogue of telomycin, was also obtained as a product of Steptomyces canidus in 1993 [9,10].…”