Microgrids Operation by Considering Demand Response and Supply Programs in the Presence of IGDT-Based Reverse Risk

International Journal of Energy Research

et al. 2023

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With the creation of competitive environments, such as electricity market, it is expected that energy networks and active consumers such as energy hubs participate in the market to promote their economic situation. So, the article proposes the optimal involvement of energy networks and hubs in energy markets in two wholesale and retail designs based on the energy management system at the same time. The proposed scheme is expressed as two-objective optimization. The first objective is to minimize the cost of different types of energy in electricity-gas-thermal networks. In another objective function, the cost of energy (which is the difference between the energy purchase cost and energy sale income) of energy hubs in the retail market is minimized. The scheme is bound to optimal power flow equations of the mentioned networks and operating model of power sources and active loads. Then, the Pareto optimization mixed with the sum of weighted functions helps extract an optimal compromise solution on the basis of fuzzy decision-making. Finally, the scheme is applied to a test system, and the obtained numerical results confirm that energy hubs are improved financially, and economic and operation conditions of the electricity-gas-thermal networks are enhanced simultaneously. So, significant profit can be achieved for EHs in the retail energy market. The economic situation of the networks enhances up to roughly 10% compared with that of power flow studies. Also, operating situation of the networks enhances by about 12% to 53% compared with a case without EHs.

Section: Model Of the Proposed Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy Decision-Based Energy Management of Energy Grids with Hubs considering Participation of Hubs and Networks in the Energy Markets

Kohansal

Zadehbagheri

International Journal of Energy Research

et al. 2023

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“…The ohmic voltage drop is caused by such things as the internal resistance of the electrolyte against the passage of energy carriers, as well as the resistance of the electrodes and other internal connections of the cell [30,31]. Value of ohmic resistance (Rohm) is a function of cell temperature and current and is calculated by ( 5) [2].…”

Section: 𝑉𝐹𝐶 = 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑠𝑡 -𝑉𝑎𝑐𝑡 -𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 -𝑉𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑐mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In reference [2], studies on the combined system of fuel cell and battery in vehicle applications are presented. In this system, the controller is used to manage the power distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Cells on V-Q & V-P Characteristics

Zadehbagheri¹,

Journal of Robotics and Control

Sutikno

2022

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In this paper, the use of a FC system connected to the network is proposed as a source of DG with high reliability, and for this purpose, the dynamic model of the fuel cell has been simulated. A hybrid system of fuel cell distributed generation (FCDG) is presented to provide electrical energy for a small isolated area. Boost converter (DC/DC), in order to increase the voltage level of the system and stabilize the DC link voltage has been used, which provides the possibility of connecting several different scattered production sources in parallel. Voltage stability is concerned with the ability of a power system to maintain acceptable bus voltages under normal conditions and after being subjected to a disturbance. The use of DG sources has many advantages, including meeting peak load needs, reducing network losses, providing reactive power locally, and regulating network voltage. Among all sources of distributed production, fuel cells are of special importance due to their high efficiency, high energy density, the ability to simultaneously produce heat and electric power, and low emission of pollutants. Using fuel cells (FCs) have several advantages and in this paper we investigate the effects of FCs on power systems via simulation a single machine (DG as small gas turbine coupled with a FC) in the Dig Silent area for different PF of FC. Different PF for FC obtained with control the DC to AC inverter. We found that by control the PF of FCs, we can increase the limitation of reactive generation of overall system and improve the V-P V-Q characteristics of overall system. With the grid-connected inverter's switching control, the active and reactive power injected into the grid is controlled independently.

“…The annual actual interest rate is required for a more accurate economic analysis. An annual real interest rate of 6% was used in the present simulations based on the data from [24].…”

Section: Fiji's Annual Real Interest Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study, economic analysis and energy management of hybrid energy system in Fiji, Iceland: A case study

Karami

Zadehbagheri

The Journal of Engineering

et al. 2022

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With the continuous development of the global economy, energy consumption continues to grow, which leads to the increasing scarcity of traditional fossil fuels and exacerbates environmental pollution and global warming. According to the heavy fossil fuel dependency of Fiji energy systems, the Fiji government has advised industries to use more renewable energy facilities. MATLAB software is applied for economic assessment and optimization. The case study is about a water factory in Fiji. The break-even point and power generation of various power sources in different scenarios for hybrid renewable power generation systems are investigated. The simulation results indicate that the suggested systems have a break-even point from 4.47 to 4.57 years. The suggested systems achieve a cost of energy (COE) value of $0.253-0.27.