Micrography QR Codes

Hung, Shih-Hsuan; Yao, Chih‐Yuan; Fang, Yu-Jen; Tan, Ping; Lee, Ruen‐Rone; Sheffer, Alla; Chu, Hung‐Kuo

doi:10.1109/tvcg.2019.2896895

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Ref. Description Programmability [**] Embedding a program in a QR code to make it executable Anti-counterfeiting [36] Placing hidden information within the QR code to prevent its copy/falsification [37] Use of visual features combined with QR codes to guarantee the authenticity of a product Improving beauty [38] Generation of artistic QR codes, which are embedded in a picture [39] Embedding a QR code within a micrography image [40] Embedding a QR code within a picture [41] Inserting a QR code in a picture by using deep learning technology Improving other technologies [42] Integrating QR codes and RFID technologies to decrease the complexity of RFID circuitry Improving recognition [43] Using an adaptive method based on binarization to improve recognition quality [44] Improving recognition quality when QR codes are placed in an uneven surface [45] Reducing the size of information in a QR code to improve recognition performance [46] A deblurring method is used to improve acquisition quality of QR codes [47] Improving recognition quality of QR code by fastly restoring out-of-focus blurred images [48] Removing perspective by identifying the vertex of a QR code [49] Improve the performance in recognizing multiple QR codes in a picture Increasing capacity [50] Increasing the capacity of a QR code by means of lossless compression [51] Using colored QR codes to improve the storage capacity [52] Improving the encoding efficiency of Chinese characters based on the use frequency Multiple information [53] Embedding three layers of information within one QR code [54] Embedding two layers of information within one QR code [55] Placing a QR code inside another QR code and reading both with different angles Printing type [56] QR codes printed with ink sensitive to pH for quality monitoring of food freshness [57] QR code is printed on a sand core surface for traceability [58] Printing the QR code by caving it on the surface of an object Security [59] Embedding a secret within the QR code by using colors [60] Embedding a secret within the QR code [61] Embedding a secret within the QR code for authentication [...…”

Section: Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

QR Codes: From a Survey of the State of the Art to Executable eQR Codes for the Internet of Things

Scanzio,

Rosani,

Scamuzzi

et al. 2024

IEEE Internet Things J.

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QR codes are increasingly used in a plurality of scenarios, and research activities are being successfully carried out to improve this technology and widen its contexts of applicability. After an extensive survey of the state-of-the-art on the subject, this work presents the new, promising possibility to embed a programming language in a QR code.This new kind of executable QR codes, we named eQR codes, enable interaction with end users even in the absence of an Internet connection, and provide a sort of IoT paradigm where intelligence is embedded in the object tag in the form of a program. Among all the possible languages that can be embedded, this work focuses on a powerful but compact (in terms of QR code storage occupation) dialect, termed QRtree, which is aimed at implementing decision trees. The eQR code technology makes a new class of applications possible, e.g., providing hints for navigation or instructions for using rescue devices in places with no network coverage like mountains and caves. Smart interactive user manuals are enabled as well.Besides defining the QRtree language and eQR code structure, this paper describes all the steps needed to generate eQR codes and to manage their execution in end-user devices. A simple yet realistic example and the related code are also presented, to practically show how this technology can be used to solve realworld problems. For the example, the QRtree version of the code takes 234 B, less than one-half the size of an equivalent program in Python bytecode (634 B).

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Section: Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

QR Codes: From a Survey of the State of the Art to Executable eQR Codes for the Internet of Things

Scanzio,

Rosani,

Scamuzzi

et al. 2024

IEEE Internet Things J.

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“…In 1994, the Japanese automotive company, Denso Wave, [9,10] developed the Quick Response (QR) code which is a type of two-dimensional matrix barcode [11,12]. While a barcode is a machinereadable optical label that stores data about an item, a QR code can attach to any data type.…”

Section: Qr Codementioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generative Mathematical Model for Coverless Steganography System Based on Image Generation

Seddik¹,

Salah²,

Behery³

et al. 2023

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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The ability of any steganography system to correctly retrieve the secret message is the primary criterion for measuring its efficiency. Recently, researchers have tried to generate a new natural image driven from only the secret message bits rather than using a cover to embed the secret message within it; this is called the stego image. This paper proposes a new secured coverless steganography system using a generative mathematical model based on semi Quick Response (QR) code and maze game image generation. This system consists of two components. The first component contains two processes, encryption process, and hiding process. The encryption process encrypts secret message bits in the form of a semi-QR code image whereas the hiding process conceals the pregenerated semi-QR code in the generated maze game image. On the other hand, the second component contains two processes, extraction and decryption, which are responsible for extracting the semi-QR code from the maze game image and then retrieving the original secret message from the extracted semi-QR code image, respectively. The results were obtained using the bit error rate (BER) metric. These results confirmed that the system achieved high hiding capacity, good performance, and a high level of robustness against attackers compared with other coverless steganography methods.

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“…For instance, (s)he could type and check information, have an automatic tool producing a corresponding QR-code, to be shown to the operator, that should only use an automatic reader for inputting data. To this purpose it is appropriate to mention the huge research done on QR-codes and other types of bidimensional barcodes in the last decade, their improvement and efficientization; see e.g., [3,4,5,6,7,8]. In general, for operators, the less they write, the better.…”

Section: Operator Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality Increases as the Error Rate Decreases

d’Amore¹

2022

Machine Learning &Amp; Applications

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In this paper we propose an approach to the design of processes and software that aims at decreasing human and software errors, that so frequently happen, making affected people using and wasting a lot of time for the need of fixing the errors. We base our statements on the natural relationship between quality and error rate, increasing the latter as the error rate decreases. We try to classify errors into several types and address techniques to reduce the likelihood of making mistakes, depending on the type of error. We focus on this approach related to organization, management and software design that will allow to be more effective and efficient in this period where mankind has been affected by a severe pandemic and where we need to be more efficient and effective in all processes, aiming at an industrial renaissance which we know to be not too far and easily reachable once the path to follow has been characterized, also in the light of the experience.

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Micrography QR Codes

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

QR Codes: From a Survey of the State of the Art to Executable eQR Codes for the Internet of Things

QR Codes: From a Survey of the State of the Art to Executable eQR Codes for the Internet of Things

A New Generative Mathematical Model for Coverless Steganography System Based on Image Generation

Quality Increases as the Error Rate Decreases

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