Microfluidic Systems to Study the Biology of Human Diseases and Identify Potential Therapeutic Targets in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rezai, Pouya; Salam, Sangeena; Selvaganapathy, P. Ravi; Gupta, Bhagwati P.

doi:10.1201/b11205-27

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Microfluidic electrotaxis approach offers many advantages in investigating neuronal signaling and movement-related neuronal disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s disease-like phenotype [ 66 ]). It is the only non-invasive on-demand tool to induce instant directional movement with a defined speed.…”

Section: Microfluidic Devices To Assist With Specialized Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Approaches for Manipulating, Imaging, and Screening C. elegans

Gupta

Rezai

2016

Micromachines

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The nematode C. elegans (worm) is a small invertebrate animal widely used in studies related to fundamental biological processes, disease modelling, and drug discovery. Due to their small size and transparent body, these worms are highly suitable for experimental manipulations. In recent years several microfluidic devices and platforms have been developed to accelerate worm handling, phenotypic studies and screens. Here we review major tools and briefly discuss their usage in C. elegans research.

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Section: Microfluidic Devices To Assist With Specialized Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Approaches for Manipulating, Imaging, and Screening C. elegans

Gupta

Rezai

2016

Micromachines

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“…Substantial advances in microfluidic techniques and particular research interest in C. elegans have driven the development of numerous microchip-based systems. They have been reviewed a number of times focusing on various aspects of miniaturized systems, their advantages, application challenges, and scientific potential [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. A summary of microfluidic-based systems with respect to the organism, organ, or tissue studies was presented by Sivagnanam et al [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Microfluidic Assays for Caenorhabditis elegans

Bakhtina¹,

MacKinnon²,

Korvink³

2016

Advances in Microfluidics - New Applications in Biology, Energy, and Materials Sciences

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The in vivo analysis of a model organism, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, enables fundamental biomedical studies, including development, genetics, and neurobiology. In recent years, microfluidics technology has emerged as an attractive and enabling tool for the study of the multicellular organism. "dvances in the application of microfluidics to C. elegans assays facilitate the manipulation of nematodes in high-throughput format and allow for the precise spatial and temporal control of their environment. In this chapter, we aim to illustrate the current microfluidic approaches for the investigation of behavior and neurobiology in C. elegans and discuss the trends of future development.Keywords: C. elegans, chip-based, manipulation, microfluidics, model organism . IntroductionThe invertebrate Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and the vertebrate zebrafish Danio rerio are the most widely studied multicellular organisms. The in vivo analysis of these model organisms allows the understanding of many complex physiological processes, addressing many of the questions relevant to human biology. The choice of model organism depends on the biological question under investigation. For example, C. elegans is simple enough to be experimentally tractable. It has a short life cycle days at °C and lifespan days at °C , passes through four larva L L stages and an adult stage [ ]. Its small size . mm long and µm wide , transparent body at all life stages, and preferred food source Escherichia coli simplify its maintenance on agar plates or liquid cultures allowing visualization of individual cells and organs in intact animals. C. elegans possesses one of the simplest central nervous systems the adult hermaphrodite has neurons . "ecause it is so well studied, rapid identification of signaling pathways, for instance, in studies of aging, has © 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. become possible. "bout % of human disease genes have an orthologue in the genome of C. elegans, including those genes associated with "lzheimer disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease HD , and many other neurodegenerative disorders [ ]. This astonishing degree of correspondence permits the modeling of human ailments in a simple invertebrate without involving actual human subjects and provides a meaningful insight into the pathogenesis of a complex disease phenotype.Traditionally, behavioral genetics is employed as a prime method for neurobiological studies in C. elegans. It is based on manual worm manipulation on a Petri dish or a multiwell plate, and monitoring the effects on various biological processes, such as growth and fertility, by visual inspection. Refreshment of old buffer solutions by a fresh solution is invasive and causes stress both to the lar...

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“…Microfabricated lab-on-chip devices are increasingly being used in the study of various model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans 8,9 and Drosophila [10][11][12] as they enable automated immobilization of these small organisms. After immobilization, visualization and tracking of cellular and physiological responses in vivo can be performed through their transparent body wall without motion artifacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic devices for imaging neurological response of Drosophila melanogaster larva to auditory stimulus

et al. 2015

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Two microfluidic devices (pneumatic chip and FlexiChip) have been developed for immobilization and live-intact fluorescence functional imaging of Drosophila larva's Central Nervous System (CNS) in response to controlled acoustic stimulation. The pneumatic chip is suited for automated loading/unloading and potentially allows high throughput operation for studies with a large number of larvae while the FlexiChip provides a simple and quick manual option for animal loading and is suited for smaller studies. Both chips were capable of significantly reducing the endogenous CNS movement while still allowing the study of sound-stimulated CNS activities of Drosophila 3rd instar larvae using genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP5. Temporal effects of sound frequency (50-5000 Hz) and intensity (95-115 dB) on CNS activities were investigated and a peak neuronal response of 200 Hz was identified. Our lab-on-chip devices can not only aid further studies of Drosophila larva's auditory responses but can be also adopted for functional imaging of CNS activities in response to other sensory cues. Auditory stimuli and the corresponding response of the CNS can potentially be used as a tool to study the effect of chemicals on the neurophysiology of this model organism.

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Microfluidic Systems to Study the Biology of Human Diseases and Identify Potential Therapeutic Targets in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Microfluidic Approaches for Manipulating, Imaging, and Screening C. elegans

Microfluidic Approaches for Manipulating, Imaging, and Screening C. elegans

Advanced Microfluidic Assays for Caenorhabditis elegans

Microfluidic devices for imaging neurological response of Drosophila melanogaster larva to auditory stimulus

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