Microfluidic generation of metal nanoparticles by borohydride reduction

Wagner, Julian; Tshikhudo, T. Robert; Köhler, J. Michael

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.07.046

Cited by 131 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The mixing is based on split and recombination of the laminar streams. Smaller gold nanoparticles (4-7 nm) were obtained when, instead the ascorbic acid, a much stronger reducing agent such as sodium borohydride was used [21]. It seems that in this work, the size of nanoparticles was not influenced by the flow rate, or by the reagents ratios.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Microfluidics-Nano-Integration for Synthesis and Sensing

Bădilescu

Packirisamy

2012

Polymers

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Abstract:The recent progress and achievements in the development of preparation of nano and microparticles in a microfluidic environment is reviewed. Microfluidics exploit fluid mechanics to create particles with a narrow range of sizes and offers a finely controllable route to tune the shape and composition of nanomaterials. The advantages of both continuous flow-and droplet-based synthesis of polymers and nanoparticles, in comparison with the traditional stirred flasks methods are discussed in detail by using numerous recent examples from the literature as well as from the authors' work. The controllability of the size distribution of the particles is discussed in terms of the fabrication approach and the characteristics of the microfluidic reactors. A special attention is paid to metal-polymer nanocomposites prepared through microfluidic routes and their application in bio-sensing. Directions for future development of microfluidic synthesis of high quality nanoparticles are discussed.

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Section: Synthesis Of Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Microfluidics-Nano-Integration for Synthesis and Sensing

Bădilescu

Packirisamy

2012

Polymers

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“…This method consists in precipitation of gold nanoparticles from a solution of a dissolved gold precursor under the in uence of a reducing agent [4,5]. A gold precursor usually is tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl 4 ) while a reducing agent could be sodium citrate [4,5], sodium boron hydride [11], block copolymers [12] or ascorbic acid. The reduction of gold precursor with sodium citrate is the simplest and the most reliable method of obtaining a solution of monodisperse gold nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Morphology of Gold Nanoparticles in Solution Studied by TEM, SAXS and UV-Vis

2012

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Gold nanoparticles have a great number of applications, among others in material sciences, biology and medicine. A method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles in solution with the use of gemini surfactant was proposed and the nanoparticles obtained were subjected to thorough characterisation. The method proposed is a modi cation of the Turkevich method, based on reduction of tetrachloroauric acid in the presence of trisodium citrate and a dicationic (gemini) surfactant 1,1 ′ -(1,4-butan)bis(3-dodecyloxymethylimidazolium) di-propionate. Morphology and size distribution of gold nanoparticles obtained were examined by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV Vis spectroscopy and small angle scattering of synchrotron radiation (SAXS). The plasmon resonance of the nanoparticles obtained was observed in the wavelength range corresponding to the presence of gold nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 5 to 100 nm. TEM images con rmed that the spherical shape of nanoparticles was dominated in reference solutions prepared of sodium citrate and tetrachloroauric acid. In the solutions prepared with addition of gemini surfactant, the gold nanoparticles of triangular morphology were observed.

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“…Reduction of gold ions into colloidal gold in the presence of polymer and electrolytes facilitated the clustering of gold nanoparticles into larger clusters. Small GNPs with a diameter of 3-5 nm were obtained when sodium borohydride was used as reducing agent [30]. The size can further be fine-tuned by controlling the concentration (via dilution by introducing diluents water stream) of the gold ions and borohydride.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles In Microreactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microreactors for Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis: From Faraday to Flow

Rahman

Rebrov

2014

Processes

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Abstract:The seminal work of Michael Faraday in 1850s transmuted the "Alchemy of gold" into a fascinating scientific endeavor over the millennia, particularly in the past half century. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) arguably hold the central position of nanosciences due to their intriguing size-and-shape dependent physicochemical properties, non-toxicity, and ease of functionalization and potential for wide range of applications. The core chemistry involved in the syntheses is essentially not very different from what Michael Faraday resorted to: transforming ions into metallic gold using mild reducing agents. However, the process of such reduction and outcome (shapes and sizes) are intricately dependent on basic operational parameters such as sequence of addition and efficiency of mixing of the reagents. Hence, irreproducibility in synthesis and maintaining batch-to-batch quality are major obstacles in this seemingly straightforward process, which poses challenges in scaling-up. Microreactors, by the virtue of excellent control over reagent mixing in space and time within narrow channel networks, opened a new horizon of possibilities to tackle such problems to produce GNPs in more reliable, reproducible and scalable ways. In this review, we will delineate the state-of-the-art of GNPs synthesis using microreactors and will discuss in length how such "flask-to-chip" paradigm shift may revolutionize the very concept of nanosyntheses.

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Microfluidic generation of metal nanoparticles by borohydride reduction

Cited by 131 publications

References 6 publications

Microfluidics-Nano-Integration for Synthesis and Sensing

Microfluidics-Nano-Integration for Synthesis and Sensing

Structure and Morphology of Gold Nanoparticles in Solution Studied by TEM, SAXS and UV-Vis

Microreactors for Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis: From Faraday to Flow

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