Microfluidic devices for the detection of viruses: aspects of emergency fabrication during the COVID-19 pandemic and other outbreaks

Berkenbrock, José Alvim; Grecco-Machado, Rafaela; Achenbach, Sven

doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0398

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Therefore, it is more urgent than ever to use microfluidic approaches to overcome the COVID-19’s pandemic due to their ability to tailor patient-specific treatment options. By creating a novel 3D complex organoid model system, researchers could reflect the interaction between the pathogen and the immune system, map the coronavirus infections, and cell-to-cell spread model together with disease interaction microenvironment [ 117 , 118 ]. Given the better visualization of the organoid models’ infection and heterogeneous structure, this would lead to a better understanding of viruses’ behavior in different people and be prepared for the next pandemic.…”

Section: Approaches For Organoid Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Organoids-on-a-Chip: Quantum Leap in Cancer Research

Duzagac

Saorin

Memeo³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Organ-like cell clusters, so-called organoids, which exhibit self-organized and similar organ functionality as the tissue of origin, have provided a whole new level of bioinspiration for ex vivo systems. Microfluidic organoid or organs-on-a-chip platforms are a new group of micro-engineered promising models that recapitulate 3D tissue structure and physiology and combines several advantages of current in vivo and in vitro models. Microfluidics technology is used in numerous applications since it allows us to control and manipulate fluid flows with a high degree of accuracy. This system is an emerging tool for understanding disease development and progression, especially for personalized therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, which provide well-grounded, cost-effective, powerful, fast, and reproducible results. In this review, we highlight how the organoid-on-a-chip models have improved the potential of efficiency and reproducibility of organoid cultures. More widely, we discuss current challenges and development on organoid culture systems together with microfluidic approaches and their limitations. Finally, we describe the recent progress and potential utilization in the organs-on-a-chip practice.

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Section: Approaches For Organoid Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Organoids-on-a-Chip: Quantum Leap in Cancer Research

Duzagac

Saorin

Memeo³

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Development of an affinity biosensor in microfluidic system is very convenient for designs and diversity of integration. In recent years, microdevices have been developed to detect smaller pathogens like coronavirus, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Zika virus [ 46 , 47 ]. Recently, SARS CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in electrochemical microfluidic device with detection of amplified nucleic acids on a Silicon-based transducer [ 48 ].…”

Section: Integration Of An Affinity Biosensor By Quantum Dots In Micrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affinity biosensors developed with quantum dots in microfluidic systems

2021

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Quantum dots (QDs) are synthetic semiconductor nanocrystals with unique optical and electronic properties due to their size (2–10 nm) such as high molar absorption coefficient (10–100 times higher than organic dyes), resistance to chemical degradation, and unique optoelectronic properties due to quantum confinement (high quantum yield, emission color change with size). Compared to organic fluorophores, the narrower emission band and wider absorption bands of QDs offer great advantages in cell imaging and biosensor applications. The optoelectronic features of QDs have prompted their intensive use in bioanalytical, biophysical, and biomedical research. As the nanomaterials have been integrated into microfluidic systems, microfluidic technology has accelerated the adaptation of nanomaterials to clinical evaluation together with the advantages such as being more economical, more reproducible, and more susceptible to modification and integration with other technologies. Microfluidic systems serve an important role by being a platform in which QDs are integrated for biosensing applications. As we combine the advantages of QDs and microfluidic technology for biosensing technology, QD-based biosensor integrated with microfluidic systems can be used as an advanced and versatile diagnostic technology in case of pandemic. Specifically, there is an urgent necessity to have reliable and fast detection systems for COVID-19 virus. In this review, affinity-based biosensing mechanisms which are developed with QDs are examined in the domain of microfluidic approach. The combination of microfluidic technology and QD-based affinity biosensors are presented with examples in order to develop a better technological framework of diagnostic for COVID-19 virus.

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“…The most important features of these on-site medical diagnostic tests include fast detection, quantitative detection, high sensitivity and low cost. Currently, commonly used tests are only capable of reliably diagnosing patients as early as two weeks after the initial infection with an accuracy between 70–90%, using detection limits that can often be quite low (1 DNA/RNA copy per milliliter of transport volume) and can vary significantly in their sensitivity [ 20 , 21 ]. PCR tests were recently showing some promise in terms of faster turnaround times and reduced costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Microfluidic-Based Platforms for On-Site Detection and Quantification of Infectious Pathogens: Towards On-Site Medical Translation of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Platforms

Escobar

Chiu

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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The rapid detection and quantification of infectious pathogens is an essential component to the control of potentially lethal outbreaks among human populations worldwide. Several of these highly infectious pathogens, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have been cemented in human history as causing epidemics or pandemics due to their lethality and contagiousness. SARS-CoV-2 is an example of these highly infectious pathogens that have recently become one of the leading causes of globally reported deaths, creating one of the worst economic downturns and health crises in the last century. As a result, the necessity for highly accurate and increasingly rapid on-site diagnostic platforms for highly infectious pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2, has grown dramatically over the last two years. Current conventional non-microfluidic diagnostic techniques have limitations in their effectiveness as on-site devices due to their large turnaround times, operational costs and the need for laboratory equipment. In this review, we first present criteria, both novel and previously determined, as a foundation for the development of effective and viable on-site microfluidic diagnostic platforms for several notable pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. This list of criteria includes standards that were set out by the WHO, as well as our own “seven pillars” for effective microfluidic integration. We then evaluate the use of microfluidic integration to improve upon currently, and previously, existing platforms for the detection of infectious pathogens. Finally, we discuss a stage-wise means to translate our findings into a fundamental framework towards the development of more effective on-site SARS-CoV-2 microfluidic-integrated platforms that may facilitate future pandemic diagnostic and research endeavors. Through microfluidic integration, many limitations in currently existing infectious pathogen diagnostic platforms can be eliminated or improved upon.

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Microfluidic devices for the detection of viruses: aspects of emergency fabrication during the COVID-19 pandemic and other outbreaks

Cited by 44 publications

References 157 publications

Microfluidic Organoids-on-a-Chip: Quantum Leap in Cancer Research

Microfluidic Organoids-on-a-Chip: Quantum Leap in Cancer Research

Affinity biosensors developed with quantum dots in microfluidic systems

Integrated Microfluidic-Based Platforms for On-Site Detection and Quantification of Infectious Pathogens: Towards On-Site Medical Translation of SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostic Platforms

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