Microfluidic chips: recent advances, critical strategies in design, applications and future perspectives

Abstract

Microfluidic chip technology is an emerging tool in the field of biomedical application. Microfluidic chip includes a set of groves or microchannels that are engraved on different materials (glass, silicon, or polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane or PDMS, polymethylmethacrylate or PMMA). The microchannels forming the microfluidic chip are interconnected with each other for desired results. This organization of microchannels trapped into the microfluidic chip is associated with the outside by inputs and outputs penetrating through the chip, as an interface between the macro- and miniature world. With the help of a pump and a chip, microfluidic chip helps to determine the behavioral change of the microfluids. Inside the chip, there are microfluidic channels that permit the processing of the fluid, for example, blending and physicochemical responses. Microfluidic chip has numerous points of interest including lesser time and reagent utilization and alongside this, it can execute numerous activities simultaneously. The miniatured size of the chip fastens the reaction as the surface area increases. It is utilized in different biomedical applications such as food safety sensing, peptide analysis, tissue engineering, medical diagnosis, DNA purification, PCR activity, pregnancy, and glucose estimation. In the present study, the design of various microfluidic chips has been discussed along with their biomedical applications.

The World of Organoids: Gastrointestinal Disease Modelling in the Age of 3R and One Health with Specific Relevance to Dogs and Cats

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Droplet Microfluidic Device for Chemoenzymatic Sensing

“…A recent review of the latest advances, important design strategies, applications and future prospects of microfluidic chips [ 61 ] allows us to be confident that the demonstrated concept will also fit into the considered areas of practical applications in biological and medical metrology.…”

Efficient Mixing of Microfluidic Chip with a Three-Dimensional Spiral Structure

“…A comparison was made with three materials, 15 as shown in Table 2 . Among them, glass 16 and silicon 17 are adopted as chip materials, which have high-pressure resistance and good thermal stability.…”