Abstract:The potential impact of microplastics (MPs) on health has caused great concern, and a realistic reproduced toxicology platform is an urgent need to further explore and validate MPs-related health issues....
“…Overall, these on-chip results indicate that blood clotting is a continuous process—the FIB gradually forms and webs the blood cells to form clotting—and the increase in FIB fluorescence area indicates the clotting growth process, while the increase in the average PLT fluorescence intensity demonstrates the increased clotting compactness. 18 , 33 , 34 And, it inspired us to perform source-free monitoring of the clotting process by the continuous biophysical properties changes (clotting growth and densification). Figure 2 On-chip clotting process (A) The confocal micrographs of continuous clotting process for platelet (red) bound to fibrin (green).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The continuous process of blood clotting includes the activation of the coagulation process, where thrombin is then released to activate fibrinogen to form FIB, and it webs the blood cells to form blood clotting. 18 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 This in turn leads to regular changes in optical clotting properties. Through the designed optical imaging system (field of view [H × V, mm]: 1.81 × 1.02, resolution: 1 μm; Figure S1 ), 9 the smartphone enables continuous images capture in the blood clotting process.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As in the clotting growth process, the blood clotting area with decreased gray value will expand, and in the densification process, the optical gray value of the clotting area will further decrease. 18 , 35 Therefore, the quantification of clotting area and compactness can be achieved by identifying the gray value changes of the clotting images, and the optical reconstructed treatment process ( Video S1 ) has been shown in Figure 3 B. Figure 3 C shows the recorded continuous OCB properties (clotting area and optical gray value) from a patient based on this system.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The clotting then reaches a steady state (insignificant changes in clotting area and average optical gray value). 18 Figure 3 Edge computing-based OCB properties acquisition and processing (A) The operational interface of the smartphone for data acquisition and analysis. (B) The image’s treatment process for OCB properties acquisition.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Currently, a series of good studies about optofluidic imaging systems combined artificial intelligence (AI) for smart disease diagnosing are gradually emerging, 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 which implies a potential possibility of combining optical imaging and AI technologies for convenient and accurate smart blood coagulation function diagnoses. Blood clotting is a continuous process that includes clotting activation, formation, and densification, and the patients differ in the rate and intensity of each process.…”
“…Overall, these on-chip results indicate that blood clotting is a continuous process—the FIB gradually forms and webs the blood cells to form clotting—and the increase in FIB fluorescence area indicates the clotting growth process, while the increase in the average PLT fluorescence intensity demonstrates the increased clotting compactness. 18 , 33 , 34 And, it inspired us to perform source-free monitoring of the clotting process by the continuous biophysical properties changes (clotting growth and densification). Figure 2 On-chip clotting process (A) The confocal micrographs of continuous clotting process for platelet (red) bound to fibrin (green).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The continuous process of blood clotting includes the activation of the coagulation process, where thrombin is then released to activate fibrinogen to form FIB, and it webs the blood cells to form blood clotting. 18 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 This in turn leads to regular changes in optical clotting properties. Through the designed optical imaging system (field of view [H × V, mm]: 1.81 × 1.02, resolution: 1 μm; Figure S1 ), 9 the smartphone enables continuous images capture in the blood clotting process.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As in the clotting growth process, the blood clotting area with decreased gray value will expand, and in the densification process, the optical gray value of the clotting area will further decrease. 18 , 35 Therefore, the quantification of clotting area and compactness can be achieved by identifying the gray value changes of the clotting images, and the optical reconstructed treatment process ( Video S1 ) has been shown in Figure 3 B. Figure 3 C shows the recorded continuous OCB properties (clotting area and optical gray value) from a patient based on this system.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The clotting then reaches a steady state (insignificant changes in clotting area and average optical gray value). 18 Figure 3 Edge computing-based OCB properties acquisition and processing (A) The operational interface of the smartphone for data acquisition and analysis. (B) The image’s treatment process for OCB properties acquisition.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Currently, a series of good studies about optofluidic imaging systems combined artificial intelligence (AI) for smart disease diagnosing are gradually emerging, 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 which implies a potential possibility of combining optical imaging and AI technologies for convenient and accurate smart blood coagulation function diagnoses. Blood clotting is a continuous process that includes clotting activation, formation, and densification, and the patients differ in the rate and intensity of each process.…”
The Vein‐Chip recapitulates CVST Virchow's triad and enables systematic characterization of venous thrombogenesis with respect to fibrin formation and platelet aggregation. Distinct from the arterial setting, platelets universally adhere across the entire CVS Vein‐Chip independent of stenotic geometry and flow disturbance. Intriguingly, fibrin propagates along with the flow direction, but exclusively deposits to the inner vessel wall. Upon inflammatory endothelial injury, fibrin deposition mirrors to the outer vessel wall, but still not in the lumen. Together, the Vein‐Chip promises future applications for personalized thrombotic assessment and monitoring.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a type of stroke associated with COVID‐19 vaccine‐induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. The precise etiology of CVST often remains elusive due to the highly heterogeneous nature of its governing mechanisms, specifically, Virchow's triad that involves altered blood flow, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability, which varies substantially amongst individuals. Existing diagnostic and monitoring approaches lack the capability to reflect the combination of these patient‐specific thrombotic determinants. In response to this challenge, we introduce a Vein‐Chip platform that recapitulates the CVST vascular anatomy from magnetic resonance venography and the associated hemodynamic flow profile using the “Chinese Movable Type‐like” soft stereolithography technique. The resultant full‐lumen personalized Vein‐Chips, functionalized with endothelial cells, enable in‐vitro thrombosis assays that can elucidate distinct thrombogenic scenarios between normal vascular conditions and those of endothelial dysfunction. The former displayed minimal platelet aggregation and negligible fibrin deposition, while the latter presented significant fibrin extrusion from platelet aggregations. The low‐cost movable typing technique further enhances the potential for commercialization and broader utilization of personalized Vein‐Chips in surgical labs and at‐home monitoring. Future research and development in this direction will pave the way for improved management and prevention of CVST, ultimately benefiting both patients and healthcare systems.
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