Microfluidic-Based Droplet and Cell Manipulations Using Artificial Bacterial Flagella

Ding, Yun; Qiu, Fuming; Solvas, Xavier Casadevall i; Chiu, Flora W. Y.; Nelson, Bradley J.; deMello, Andrew J.

doi:10.3390/mi7020025

Cited by 46 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Swimming or rolling microrobots induce fluid flow by their propulsion mechanism, and can use these vortices to trap objects and transport them. [54][55][56][57] Flexure-based gripping mechanisms have been shown for magnetic microrobots, where the magnitude of the magnetic field is used to control the opening and closing of the gripping arms. 58 This was shown to be highly repeatable, assembling up to 10 layers of hydrogels around a post.…”

Section: Off-board Approaches For Microrobotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications

et al. 2017

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Untethered micron-scale mobile robots can navigate and non-invasively perform specific tasks inside unprecedented and hard-to-reach inner human body sites and inside enclosed organ-on-a-chip microfluidic devices with live cells. They are aimed to operate robustly and safely in complex physiological environments where they will have a transforming impact in bioengineering and healthcare. Research along this line has already demonstrated significant progress, increasing attention, and high promise over the past several years. The first-generation microrobots, which could deliver therapeutics and other cargo to targeted specific body sites, have just been started to be tested inside small animals toward clinical use. Here, we review frontline advances in design, fabrication, and testing of untethered mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications. We convey the most impactful and recent strategies in actuation, mobility, sensing, and other functional capabilities of mobile microrobots, and discuss their potential advantages and drawbacks to operate inside complex, enclosed and physiologically relevant environments. We lastly draw an outlook to provide directions in the veins of more sophisticated designs and applications, considering biodegradability, immunogenicity, mobility, sensing, and possible medical interventions in complex microenvironments.

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Section: Off-board Approaches For Microrobotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications

et al. 2017

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“…Conventional techniques such as electron‐beam physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and sputtering are undoubtedly readily available to coat exterior surfaces. For instance, e‐beam evaporation was utilized to coat a nickel and titanium (Ni/Ti) bilayer on structures after fabrication via TPP . As one of the ferromagnetic metals, Ni imparted magnetic properties to the structures, and it was the foundation for the remote manipulation of proposed micromachines.…”

Section: Treatments Of Two‐photon Polymerization For Remotely Driven mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These magnetically driven microswimmers sometimes are also called artificial bacterial flagella (ABF), and various applications have been investigated and presented till now. To name a few, Ding et al have successfully manipulated cells and droplets using ABF . The ABF used were also fabricated by TPP and coated with an Ni/Ti bilayer, then they were detached from the substrate by a sonicator and harvested in a Eppendorf tube.…”

Section: Applications Of Remotely Controllable Micromachines Fabricatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures Fabricated by Two‐Photon Polymerization and Their Remote Manipulation Techniques: Toward 3D Printing of Micromachines

Lin

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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As a promising microfabrication method, two-photon polymerization (TPP) underwent a rapid development for various applications in chemistry, biology, pharmaceuticals, microfluidics, and so forth. In recent years, the method has received particular attention because of its application for micromachines, including those requiring remote manipulation. Different manipulating techniques such as magnetic, optic, and acoustic manipulation are realized on TPP-fabricated microstructures, demonstrating the great potential for further development of micromachines. Nonetheless, most of the work is still at early stages, only proofing conceptual ideas. For instance, magnetically driven microswimmers are only investigated in artificial experimental environments, and it is still challenging to tackle complex in vivo conditions. Although a long journey is still ahead for using these micromachines in daily life, it is predictable that the combination of two-photon polymerization associated with remotely driven techniques will benefit various fields. Remotely Driven Micromachines

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“…Swimming microorganisms are important to many industrial and natural processes including the production of biofuels from algae, fermentation for vaccine and food production, and bio-mixing in oceans. Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the motility of microorganisms for technological applications that include micro-and nano-robotics [1][2][3], drug delivery [4,5] and cell manipulation [6,7]. While most of our current understanding of microorganism swimming is drawn from investigations in Newtonian fluids (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flagellar swimming in viscoelastic fluids: role of fluid elastic stress revealed by simulations based on experimental data

Qin

Gopinath

et al. 2017

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Many important biological functions depend on microorganisms' ability to move in viscoelastic fluids such as mucus and wet soil. The effects of fluid elasticity on motility remain poorly understood, partly because the swimmer strokes depend on the properties of the fluid medium, which obfuscates the mechanisms responsible for observed behavioural changes. In this study, we use experimental data on the gaits of swimming in Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids as inputs to numerical simulations that decouple the swimmer gait and fluid type in order to isolate the effect of fluid elasticity on swimming. In viscoelastic fluids, cells employing the Newtonian gait swim faster but generate larger stresses and use more power, and as a result the viscoelastic gait is more efficient. Furthermore, we show that fundamental principles of swimming based on viscous fluid theory miss important flow dynamics: fluid elasticity provides an elastic memory effect that increases both the forward and backward speeds, and (unlike purely viscous fluids) larger fluid stress accumulates around flagella moving tangent to the swimming direction, compared with the normal direction.

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Microfluidic-Based Droplet and Cell Manipulations Using Artificial Bacterial Flagella

Cited by 46 publications

References 71 publications

Mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications

Mobile microrobots for bioengineering applications

Microstructures Fabricated by Two‐Photon Polymerization and Their Remote Manipulation Techniques: Toward 3D Printing of Micromachines

Flagellar swimming in viscoelastic fluids: role of fluid elastic stress revealed by simulations based on experimental data

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