Microencephalic Rats as a Model for Cognitive Disorders

Balduini, Walter; Cimino, Mauro; Lombardelli, G.; Abbracchio, M.P.; Peruzzi, G.; Cecchini, T.; Gazzanelli, Giancarlo; Cattabeni, Flaminio

doi:10.1097/00002826-198609003-00004

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Tremor is the most common initial symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), observed in about 50% of patients at the time of diagnosis [1–3]. The classic PD tremor is the rest tremor that has its greatest amplitude with the limb at rest and transiently disappears with movement but can reemerge with sustained posture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Schlesinger

Sinai

Zaaroor

2017

Parkinson's Disease

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Schlesinger

Sinai

Zaaroor

2017

Parkinson's Disease

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“…However, administration of these drugs to MAM-treated rats produce contradictory results. Archer et al (1988) and Watanabe et al (1990) reported that these drugs drastically increased motor activity in MAM-treated rats, while in other studies MAM-treated rats show reduced motor stimulation in response to these drugs (Sanberg et al, 1985;Balduini et al, 1986). This discrepancy may be due to methodological differences and different ages at which motor activity of MAM-treated rats was examined.…”

Section: Neurochemical Correlates Of Abnormal Motor Activity In Mam-tmentioning

confidence: 96%

Neurochemical Correlates of Learning Impairment in Microen‐cephalic Rats Induced by Methylazoxymethanol Acetate*

Tamaru

1994

Congenital Anomalies

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Newborn infants with histogenetic brain malformations can be long‐lived with mental retardation, which is considered a major problem in social medicine. Among these infants with mental retardation, many cases are accompanied by microencephaly. Experimentally induced microencephaly in rats presents a useful model for understanding human cerebral disorders. We have studied how neurochemical changes in the brains of microencephalic rats induced by prenatal treatment with methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) can affect their learning abilities. We reported that densities of monoaminergic transmitters in the atrophic cerebral hemisphere (CH; consisting of cerebral cortex and hippocampus) of MAM rats was markedly elevated, but that their total quantity per CH unchanged. As for the ability of operant discrimination learning, MAM rats could discriminate tasks. However, excitatory amino acid receptors, in which N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) is well known to be involved in spatial memory, showed decreased total binding in the CH of MAM‐treated rats. Spatial recognition ability evaluated using an 8‐armed radial maze task was impaired. These results suggest that the condensation of monoaminergic terminals in the atrophic CH of MAM rats may compensate for disability in discrimination learning, but the significant reduction of NMDA receptors may impair spatial memory in MAM rats.

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“…) Schwartzkroin, 1995, 1996;DeFeo et al, 1995;Germano and Sperber, 1996;Germano et al, 1996Germano et al, , 1998Chevassus-au-Louis et al, 1998a]. Studies have also suggested that these animals have behavioral impairments [Balduini et al, 1986;Mohammed et al, 1986;Shimizu et al, 1991].…”

Section: Teratogen Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical malformations and epilepsy

Schwartzkroin

Walsh

2000

Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev.

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Brain malformations, resulting from aberrant patterns of brain development, are highly correlated with childhood seizure syndromes, as well as with cognitive disabilities and other neurological disorders. The structural malformations, often referred to as cortical dysplasia, are extremely varied, reflecting diverse underlying processes and critical timing of the developmental aberration. Recent studies have revealed a genetic basis for many forms of dysplasia. Gene mutations responsible for such common forms of dysplasia as lissencephaly and tuberous sclerosis have been identified, and investigators are beginning to understand how these gene mutations interrupt and/or misdirect the normal developmental pattern. Laboratory investigations, using animal models of cortical dysplasia, are beginning to elucidate how these structural malformations give rise to epilepsy and other functional pathologies. MRDD Research Reviews 2000;6:268–280. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Microencephalic Rats as a Model for Cognitive Disorders

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Neurochemical Correlates of Learning Impairment in Microen‐cephalic Rats Induced by Methylazoxymethanol Acetate*

Cortical malformations and epilepsy

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