Microencapsulation of fenugreek seed oil and oil load effect on maltodextrin and fenugreek seed mucilage as wall materials by spray drying

Abstract

This work aims to encapsulate the fenugreek seed oil (FGSO) to musk the bitter taste as it has various health benefits using maltodextrin and fenugreek mucilage as the wall materials by spray drying. The highest powder yield was 68.23% at 1.5% oil, 2% mucilage, and 10% maltodextrin. The powder moisture content ranged from 4.5 to 6.8%. The bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index and Hausner's ratio was evaluated and the powder showed good flowability. All the peaks obtained by FTIR of powder were similar, and that wavenumber 3,254 cm−1 showed the interaction between the fenugreek mucilage, maltodextrin, and FGSO. XRD revealed that FGSO powder was amorphous and a steep peak found at 20°. TGA showed the two mass losses but was not heat‐labile. SEM revealed the particle size and shapes (spherical) for any cracks and fissures. The encapsulation efficiency showed variation from 56.18 to 70.24%. Overall, the results led to the conclusion that fenugreek seed oil can be encapsulated and that the fenugreek seed mucilage can be used as a botanical alternative to maltodextrin as a wall material. Practical applications Nowadays, health awareness is increasing among consumers. Due to which the demand for nutraceuticals and functional foods is increasing. Fenugreek seed oil (FGSO) controls chronic diabetes and heart diseases and benefits such as anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The taste of fenugreek seed oil is bitter, so its direct use as oil is restricted. Therefore, encapsulated FGSO with maltodextrin and fenugreek will musk the oil's bitter taste, making it edible. Encapsulation also prevents the degradation of bioactive compounds and increases the shelf life of FGSO. Since it is produced using fenugreek mucilage and maltodextrin, which benefits the gastro‐intestinal issue of the consumer. This encapsulated FGSO can be used as a powder for direct use.

Characterisation and emulsifying properties of microwave pretreated camelina seed mucilage

“…The higher HR values indicate more cohesive powders that are less able to flow freely (Alpizar‐Reyes et al ., 2020). The HR values of all samples were above 1.35, indicating poor flowability (Munshi & Kumar, 2022).…”

“…The 7.5 min mucilage had the lowest tapped and bulk density results. Munshi & Kumar (2022) reported that the bulk and tapped densities of fenugreek seed mucilage were 510 and 590 kg m À3 , respectively. The bulk and tapped densities of okra mucilage as reported by Okunlola (2021) were 508 and 594 kg m À3 , respectively.…”

The multifaceted potential of fenugreek seeds: From health benefits to food and nanotechnology applications

“…Moreover, encapsulation prolongs the shelf life of FGSO and stops bioactive components from degrading (Munshi & Kumar, 2022).…”

“…To mask the bitter flavor of the oil and make it edible, FGSO can be encapsulated with maltodextrin and fenugreek. Moreover, encapsulation prolongs the shelf life of FGSO and stops bioactive components from degrading (Munshi & Kumar, 2022 ).…”