Microelement Supplementation in Dairy Cows by Mineral Lick

Krys, Štěpán; Lokajová, Eva; Podhorský, A.; Pavlata, L.

doi:10.2754/avb200978010029

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…and for this reason they are added to feeds in various organic as well as inorganic forms (Pechova et al, 2008Krys et al 2009;Mala et al, 2009;Misurova et al, 2009a).…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Pavlata¹,

Chomat²,

Pechová³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med. - Czech

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This paper evaluates the impact of long-term supplementation of different forms of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on the content of these substances in the blood and hair of goats. Two analogous supplementation experiments were performed. 37 goats divided into four groups were used in the first trial with the Zn supplementation. Group A (n = 10) was a control group (with no Zn administered). A further three groups (B, C, D) were supplemented with Zn in various forms. Group B (n = 9) with zinc oxide, Group C (n = 9) with zinc lactate and Group D (n = 9) with zinc chelate. The second trial with Se supplementation was carried out on 20 goats divided into four groups. Group E (n = 5) was a control group. The other three groups were administered Se. Group F (n = 5) was supplied with a selenium lactate-protein complex, Group G (n = 5) with sodium selenite and Group H (n = 5) with selenium yeast. Three months later blood and hair samples were taken from all animals and Zn and Se concentrations were determined in whole blood, plasma, and hair. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was determined in the Se supplementation trial group. At the end of the trial the Zn concentrations in plasma and whole blood were without major differences between the groups. The plasma concentration of Zn did not increase from the initial value at the start of the trial. In hair the average concentration of Zn was 95.2-100.0 mg/kg in all groups. No conclusive relation was confirmed between the values of Zn in hair and its concentration in blood. The Se concentration in whole blood (µg/l) at the end of trial in supplemented groups (F -188.8 ± 24.6; G -197.2 ± 10.9; H -190.1 ± 26.3) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in the control group (E -103.1 ± 23.5). Similarly, the activity of GSH-Px (µkat/l) was significantly higher in all supplemented groups (F -872.3 ± 94.8; G -659.5 ± 176.4; H -839.8 ± 150.8) than in the control group (E -379.1 ± 63.5). Se content in hair (µg/kg) was higher also in all trial groups (F -242.3 ± 41.5; G -200.5 ± 46.9; H -270.0 ± 106.8) than in the control group (E -174.7 ± 38.0). However, it was significantly (P < 0.05) higher only in Group F. A conclusive correlation was identified between the Se concentration in whole blood and its content in hair (r = 0.54; P < 0.05; n = 20). Based on the results it can be concluded that none of the supplemented forms of Zn increased its concentration in blood, plasma and hair. On the other hand, the administration of Se led to an increase in the Se concentration in blood, increased the activity of GSH-Px in whole blood and the Se content in hair. Based on the proven correlation and regression relation between the Se concentration in blood and its content in hair, hair can be considered as a suitable material for the diagnosis of long-term Se status in goats. Goats with sufficient Se status are those that have more than 160 µg/kg of Se in hair dry weight.

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“…and for this reason they are added to feeds in various organic as well as inorganic forms (Pechova et al, 2008Krys et al 2009;Mala et al, 2009;Misurova et al, 2009a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Pavlata¹,

Chomat²,

Pechová³

et al. 2011

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…A lack of differences is likely due to milk samplings occurring after treatment termination. Source of Cu, Zn, and Mn during late gestation did not affect mineral composition of milk in beef ( Harvey et al, 2021a ) or dairy cows ( Krys et al, 2009 ). Supplementing dairy cows with different sources of trace minerals during late gestation and lactation has resulted in variable milk macronutrient yield differences ( Osorio et al, 2016 ), but generally no effects are observed even when mineral supplementation treatments continue into lactation ( Yasui et al, 2014 ; Roshanzamir et al, 2020 ; Mion et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Stephenson

Rathert-Williams

Kenny

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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To determine effects of Cu, Zn, and Mn source and inclusion during late gestation, multiparous beef cows [n = 48; 649 ± 80 kg body weight (BW); 5.3 ± 0.5 body condition score (BCS)] were individually-fed hay and supplement to meet or exceed all nutrient recommendations except Cu, Zn, and Mn. From 91.2 ± 6.2 d pre-calving to 11.0 ± 3.2 d post-calving, cows received: no additional Cu, Zn, or Mn (control, CON), sulfate-based Cu, Zn, and Mn (inorganic, ITM) or metal methionine hydroxy analogue chelates of Cu, Zn, and Mn (MMHAC) at 133% recommendations, or a combination of inorganic and chelated Cu, Zn, and Mn (reduce and replace, RR) to meet 100% of recommendations. Data were analyzed with treatment and breeding group (and calf sex if P < 0.25 for offspring measures) as fixed effects, animal as experimental unit, and sampling time as a repeated effect for serum, plasma, and milk measures over time. Post-calving cow liver Cu was greater (P ≤ 0.07) in MMHAC compared with all other treatments. Calves born to RR had greater (P ≤ 0.05) liver Cu than ITM and CON, and MMHAC had greater (P = 0.06) liver Cu than CON. Liver Mn was less (P ≤ 0.08) for RR calves than all other treatments. Calf plasma Zn was maintained (P ≥ 0.15) from 0 to 48 h of age in ITM and MMHAC but decreased (P ≤ 0.03) in CON and RR. Gestational cow BW, BCS, and metabolites were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment, but gestational serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were greater (P = 0.01) for CON than MMHAC. Treatment did not affect (P ≥ 0.13) calf birth size, vigor, placental size and minerals, or transfer of passive immunity. Neonatal calf serum Ca was greater (P ≤ 0.05) for MMHAC than all other treatments; other calf serum chemistry and plasma cortisol were not affected (P ≥ 0.12). Pre-suckling colostrum yield, and lactose concentration and content, were greater (P ≤ 0.06) for MMHAC compared with ITM and RR. Colostral triglyceride and protein concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.08) for RR than MMHAC and CON. Cow lactational BW and BCS, milk yield and composition, and pre-weaning calf BW and metabolism were not affected (P ≥ 0.13) by treatment. Lactational serum TBARS were greater (P = 0.04) for RR than CON at d 35 and greater (P ≤ 0.09) for MMHAC at d 60 than all other treatments. Source and inclusion of Cu, Zn, and Mn altered maternal and neonatal calf mineral status, but calf size and vigor at birth, passive transfer, and pre-weaning growth were not affected in this study.

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“…Moreover, the experiment of Cu and Mn supplementation, indicated that high doses of Mn inhibits Cu activity and consequently may causes Fe deficiency illnesses. The prevention of minerals deficiencies in adult cows diet is usually conducted by using mineral licks (Krys et al, 2009). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of macroelements and trace elements in milk of Jersey cows

Proskura

Podlasińska

Proskura

et al. 2016

IJAR

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The aim of the study was to determine concentration of macroelements (P, Ca, Mg, Na, K), and some microelements, including toxic heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Pb, Cd and Hg) in milk of Jersey cows. Milk samples were collected from Jersey cows kept in tie-stall barn in Greater Poland Province. The feeding was based on total mixed ration mixture. The maximum permitted level of Pb concentration in raw milk (0.02 mg/kg wet weight)was significantly exceeded (0.063±0.035 mg/dm 3 ). The content of Hg was very low (0.106±0.057 µg/dm 3 ).Significant (P0.05) Spearman coefficient correlations were observed between contents of some elements in milk. Especially interesting were positive correlations of heavy metals: Cd-Cr, Co-Mn, Cr-Zn, Mn-Zn. Additionally the content of Ca was positively correlated with numerous elements: Hg, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn, Mg, and negatively correlated with the content of Fe.

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Microelement Supplementation in Dairy Cows by Mineral Lick

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Impact of long-term supplementation of zinc and selenium on their content in blood and hair in goats

Effects of copper, zinc, and manganese source and inclusion during late gestation on beef cow–calf performance, mineral transfer, and metabolism

Concentrations of macroelements and trace elements in milk of Jersey cows

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