Microelectrode recordings in human epilepsy: a case for clinical translation

Chari, Ajai; Thornton, Rachel; Tisdall, Martin; Scott, Rodney C.

doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcaa082

Cited by 37 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Extraoperative single unit recordings can be made when intracranial electrodes are implanted for clinical reasons in patients with refractory epilepsy [see (204)]. While they have provided important insights into memory and cognition, there are a number of limitations.…”

Section: Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Emotional Mapping With SEEG

et al. 2021

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Mapping of cortical functions is critical for the best clinical care of patients undergoing epilepsy and tumor surgery, but also to better understand human brain function and connectivity. The purpose of this review is to explore existing and potential means of mapping higher cortical functions, including stimulation mapping, passive mapping, and connectivity analyses. We examine the history of mapping, differences between subdural and stereoelectroencephalographic approaches, and some risks and safety aspects, before examining different types of functional mapping. Much of this review explores the prospects for new mapping approaches to better understand other components of language, memory, spatial skills, executive, and socio-emotional functions. We also touch on brain-machine interfaces, philosophical aspects of aligning tasks to brain circuits, and the study of consciousness. We end by discussing multi-modal testing and virtual reality approaches to mapping higher cortical functions.

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Section: Learning and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Emotional Mapping With SEEG

et al. 2021

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“…In addition to refining the selection of patients, implantation strategy and subsequent surgical planning in SEEG patients using clinical data, we are likely to see increasing incorporation of quantitative methods in SEEG planning, including automated analysis of MRI, 31 and computational analysis of SEEG recordings. 22,32,33 Whilst seizure (both spontaneously recorded and stimulated) have been shown to be crucial to outcomes in this present series, concepts such as identification of the SOZ from interictal recordings 34 , using additional methods such as microelectrode recordings 35 or network-based analyses 22 may improve the interpretation of SEEG recordings as we move from a location-focused to network-based interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The UK experience of stereoelectroencephalography in children: An analysis of factors predicting the identification of a seizure onset zone and subsequent seizure freedom

Chari

Moeller²,

Boyd³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Importance: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is more frequently being used in the pre-surgical evaluation of children with focal epilepsy. Many factors affect the rate of identification of a definable seizure onset zone (SOZ) and subsequent seizure freedom following SEEG-guided epilepsy surgery, which have not been systematically examined in multi-centre studies. Objectives: Determine the rates and factors that predict (a) whether or not a definable putative SOZ was identified on SEEG and (b) subsequent seizure freedom following surgical intervention. Design: Retrospective cohort study Setting: Multicentre study involving 6 of 7 UK Childrens Epilepsy Surgery Service centres that perform paediatric SEEG in the UK. Participants: All children undergoing SEEG from 2014 - March 2019 were included. Demographic, non-invasive evaluation, SEEG and operative factors were collected retrospectively from patient records. Main Outcomes: The two main outcome measures were (a) whether or not a definable putative SOZ was identified on SEEG (binary yes/no outcome) and (b) subsequent seizure freedom following surgical intervention (Engel classification) Findings: One hundred and thirty-five patients underwent 139 SEEG explorations using a total of 1767 electrodes. A definable SOZ was identified in 117 patients (85.7%); odds of successfully finding a SOZ were 6.4x greater for non-motor seizures compared to motor seizures (p=0.02) and 3.6x more if >=4 seizures were recorded during SEEG (p=0.03). Of 100 patients undergoing surgical treatment, 47 (47.0%) had an Engel class I outcome at a median follow-up of 1.3 years; the only factor associated with outcome was indication for SEEG (p=0.03). SEEG was safe with one (0.7%) haematoma requiring surgical evacuation and no long-term neurological deficits as a result of the procedure. Conclusions and Relevance: This large nationally representative cohort illustrates that, in these patients who may not have otherwise been offered resective surgery, SEEG-guided surgery can still achieve high rates of seizure freedom. Seizure semiology and the number of seizures recorded during SEEG are important factors in the identification of a definable SOZ and the indication for SEEG is an important factor in post-operative outcomes.

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“…In addition, SSD allows for the use of information from several grids, or separate but close-by sEEG leads, which can convey improved SNR in contrast to using information from individual leads separately, as in the case of a fixed referencing scheme. The data-driven approach could also be helpful in integrating information from several types of electrodes, for instance in hybrid micro-macro electrode schemes [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing oscillations in intracranial electrophysiological recordings with data-driven spatial filters

Schaworonkow

Voytek

2021

PLoS Comput Biol

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In invasive electrophysiological recordings, a variety of neural oscillations can be detected across the cortex, with overlap in space and time. This overlap complicates measurement of neural oscillations using standard referencing schemes, like common average or bipolar referencing. Here, we illustrate the effects of spatial mixing on measuring neural oscillations in invasive electrophysiological recordings and demonstrate the benefits of using data-driven referencing schemes in order to improve measurement of neural oscillations. We discuss referencing as the application of a spatial filter. Spatio-spectral decomposition is used to estimate data-driven spatial filters, a computationally fast method which specifically enhances signal-to-noise ratio for oscillations in a frequency band of interest. We show that application of these data-driven spatial filters has benefits for data exploration, investigation of temporal dynamics and assessment of peak frequencies of neural oscillations. We demonstrate multiple use cases, exploring between-participant variability in presence of oscillations, spatial spread and waveform shape of different rhythms as well as narrowband noise removal with the aid of spatial filters. We find high between-participant variability in the presence of neural oscillations, a large variation in spatial spread of individual rhythms and many non-sinusoidal rhythms across the cortex. Improved measurement of cortical rhythms will yield better conditions for establishing links between cortical activity and behavior, as well as bridging scales between the invasive intracranial measurements and noninvasive macroscale scalp measurements.

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Microelectrode recordings in human epilepsy: a case for clinical translation

Cited by 37 publications

References 129 publications

Cognitive and Emotional Mapping With SEEG

Cognitive and Emotional Mapping With SEEG

The UK experience of stereoelectroencephalography in children: An analysis of factors predicting the identification of a seizure onset zone and subsequent seizure freedom

Enhancing oscillations in intracranial electrophysiological recordings with data-driven spatial filters

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