Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma with Mandibular Invasion and Bone Marrow Replacement

Birkby, Craig S.; Argényi, Zsolt B.; Whitaker, Duane C.

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1989.tb03165.x

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The total recurrence rate after traditional excisional surgery is estimated to be 40–59%, after a long-term follow-up [2, 5, 8, 9]. The review of Friedman et al [5], however, represents the largest and longest group of monitored patients treated by Mohs surgery with no recurrences after an average follow-up of 5 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Review of 51 Japanese Patients

Ohtsuka

Nagamatsu²

2002

Dermatology

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Background: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) has been reported to occur predominantly in Caucasians. However, the number of cases in Japanese subjects seems to have recently been increasing. Objective: To review the Japanese cases of MAC. Methods: We collected and analyzed the data of 51 Japanese patients recorded in case reports or abstracts over a number of years. Results: Twenty-five of the cases were reported between 1987 and 1996, and the remaining 26 cases between 1997 and 2000. Forty-three lesions were located on the face, 2 on the scalp, 2 on the chest, 1 on the axilla, 1 on the buttock, 1 on the palm and 1 on the toe. One of the above occurred at the site of previous radiotherapy. Fifteen tumors were initially misdiagnosed histopathologically. Conclusion: Our review shows that MAC also occurs in the Japanese, in whom it may be more common than previously observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is an aggressive, locally destructive cutaneous neoplasm with a high rate of recurrence [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11], which is said to occur predominantly in Caucasians. However, the number of cases in Japanese subjects seems to have recently been increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Review of 51 Japanese Patients

Ohtsuka

Nagamatsu²

2002

Dermatology

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“…The deeper component has smaller nests and strands of cells in a hyalinized stroma, leading to a scirrhous appearance. 6,7,13,16,17,35,38 Immunohistochemical staining plays a less important role in the diagnosis of MAC, but staining for CEA-positive tumor cells can improve the accuracy of tumor margin determination, especially in cases with extensive perineural infiltration, 8,13,17,23,28 and it can help to differentiate MAC from other adnexal tumors. 1 The most important histopathologic differential diagnoses of MAC are sclerodermiform basal cell carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: An Often Misdiagnosed, Locally Aggressive Growing Skin Tumor

Fischer

Breuninger²,

Metzler³

et al. 2005

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) belongs to the spectrum of locally aggressive adnexal carcinomas and most commonly occurs in the head and neck region. Recently it has been proposed that MAC is an apocrine tumor. It is characterized by slow, but locally aggressive growth with infiltration of subcutaneous fat tissue, muscles, perichondrium, periosteum, or perineurium. As a result, surgical treatment often leads to ablation defects, which are many times the size of the clinical lesion. In 1982, Goldstein and colleagues first reported MAC to be a distinct histologic entity characterized by a combination of keratinous cysts in the upper dermis, islands and strands of small basaloid, benign-appearing keratinocytes or squamous cells in the deeper dermis within a dense desmoplastic stroma, and areas of ductular differentiation. The authors report the case of a 78-year-old woman in whom a diagnosis of MAC was made when a tumor on the right cheek recurred for the second time. Previous histopathologic diagnoses were squamous cell carcinoma and desmoplastic trichoepithelioma. Local recurrences of the tumor occurred, despite histographic surgery because in hematoxylin and eosin stains, small islands of the deceptively benign-appearing small basaloid cells of MAC were not recognized as tumor cells. The reported case demonstrates the difficulties in diagnosing MAC and indicates that MAC should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of slowly growing tumors in the head and neck region. If MAC is diagnosed too late, it can be inoperable because of its infiltrative growth.

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“…MAC may have a highly aggressive local course with the ability of direct bone invasion [21], PNI [10, 13, 21, 28, 29] and/or intraneural extension [28, 29]. However, some cases of regional lymph node metastasis have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tumors exhibiting PNI are considered as more aggressive, with higher rates of morbidity and mortality, especially in the head and neck area [13, 20]. In addition, involvement of the subcuticular tissue, muscle and bone may occur [13, 21, 22]. MAC exhibits an immunophenotype that is a hybrid of those seen in pure sweat glandular and follicular neoplasms (reactivity for hard keratin subclasses AE13 and AE14, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen and Leu-M1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Report of Seven Cases Including One with Lung Metastasis

et al. 2006

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Background: Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm, with a high rate of local recurrences. Objective: A series of MAC was analyzed and compared to previously published cases. Methods: Seven cases of MAC were identified in the register of the institution. Medical and pathological records were reviewed. Results: The primary MAC were located on the face in all patients, and 85% were initially misdiagnosed. The mean follow-up duration was 108 months. The recurrence rate was high: 4 patients developed recurrences. In 3 patients, the course of the disease was severe: one of them developed pathologically proven lung metastasis. Conclusion: The present study and review of the literature confirm the clinically aggressive evolution of MAC and its rare ability to give rise to metastasis. Long-term clinical follow-ups with imaging investigations are mandatory.

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Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma with Mandibular Invasion and Bone Marrow Replacement

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Review of 51 Japanese Patients

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Review of 51 Japanese Patients

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: An Often Misdiagnosed, Locally Aggressive Growing Skin Tumor

Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: Report of Seven Cases Including One with Lung Metastasis

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