Microcontact Imprinted Plasmonic Nanosensors: Powerful Tools in the Detection of Salmonella paratyphi

Abstract

Identification of pathogenic microorganisms by traditional methods is slow and cumbersome. Therefore, the focus today is on developing new and quicker analytical methods. In this study, a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor with a microcontact imprinted sensor chip was developed for detecting Salmonella paratyphi. For this purpose, the stamps of the target microorganism were prepared and then, microcontact S. paratyphi-imprinted SPR chips were prepared with the functional monomer N-methacryloyl-L-histidine methyl ester (MAH). Characterization studies of the SPR chips were carried out with ellipsometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The real-time Salmonella paratyphi detection was performed within the range of 2.5 × 106–15 × 106 CFU/mL. Selectivity of the prepared sensors was examined by using competing bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The imprinting efficiency of the prepared sensor system was determined by evaluating the responses of the SPR chips prepared with both molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and non-imprinted polymers (NIPs). Real sample experiments were performed with apple juice. The recognition of Salmonella paratyphi was achieved using these SPR sensor with a detection limit of 1.4 × 106 CFU/mL. In conclusion, SPR sensor has the potential to serve as an excellent candidate for monitoring Salmonella paratyphi in food supplies or contaminated water and clearly makes it possible to develop rapid and appropriate control strategies.

Strategies for Molecular Imprinting and the Evolution of MIP Nanoparticles as Plastic Antibodies—Synthesis and Applications

“…Furthermore, both the surface chemistry and the pore sizes of the polymer can be affected by the extremely harsh conditions such as high temperature and strong acids necessary for at least partial removal of protein template entrapped in the polymer matrix, which can in turn impact adversely on selectivity and adsorption. To circumvent these challenges several other approaches have been developed to address these issues in bulk polymers, including; surface imprinting [31,32], epitope-mediated surface imprinting [33], and micro-contact imprinting [34].…”

“…More papers were published on MIP sensors than any other types of sensors based on synthetic receptors (Web of Science, accessed 10 December 2019). Representative examples include MIP-based QCM sensors for human rhinovirus immunoglobulins [154], tobacco mosaic virus [155], and Salmonella paratyphi [34]. MIP films were deposited on the sensor surface via surface grafting [156,157] or electropolymerization [158,159].…”

Molecular Imprinted Polymers Coupled to Photonic Structures in Biosensors: The State of Art

“…The target analyte, avidin, was bound to the SIP with dissociation constants in the submicromolar range (125 nM), and the sensor demonstrated selectivity among functional homologues of avidin, i.e., neutravidin, extravidin and streptavidin [ 68 ]. A microcontact printing technique was proposed by the group of Denizli to produce MIP-SPR for procalcitonin with an LoD of 9.9 ng/mL [ 69 ] and for the detection of the bacterium monitoring Salmonella paratyphi in food supplies or contaminated water [ 70 ].…”

High-throughput single-particle detections using a dual-height-channel-integrated pore

“…The present results offer a proof-of-concept of highthroughput single-bioparticle detections using a nanochannel-integrated micropore that would find wide applications such as in environmental monitoring of water 32 and bacterial screening of food. 33,34…”