Microcapsules filled with reactive solutions for self-healing materials

Blaiszik, Benjamin J.; Caruso, Mary M.; McIlroy, David A.; Moore, Jeffrey S.; White, Scott R.; Sottos, Nancy R.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.12.040

Cited by 394 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[6][7][8] For polymers [9][10][11] and polymer coatings [12][13][14][15] several approaches have been reported to restore the integrity of the material, either by refilling the damaged areas, e.g., a) Electronic addresses: a.c.c.esteves@tue.nl and g.dewith@tue.nl via encapsulated reactive components (autonomous healing) or by reestablishing chemical bonds through reversible reactions triggered by external stimuli such as temperature, light or a pH switch (triggered healing). These approaches can use intrinsic healing concepts, [16][17][18][19] in which the healing agent is inherent to the material (i.e., is a part of the network or formulation) or extrinsic healing, where external components are added, such as filled capsules [20][21][22][23] or microvascular networks. 24,25 The intrinsic healing concept may allow multiple healing events but requires a certain mobility of the system (or at least part of it).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Esteves

Lyakhova

Riel

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Esteves, A. C. C., Lyakhova, K., Riel, van, J. M., Ven, van der, L. G. J., Benthem, van, R. A. T. M., & With, de, G. (2014). Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach. Journal of Chemical Physics, 140, 1-9. [124902]. DOI: 10.1063/1.4868989 General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Nowadays, many self-healing strategies are available for recovering mechanical damage of bulk polymeric materials. The recovery of surface-dependent functionalities on polymer films is, however, equally important and has been less investigated. In this work we study the ability of low surface energy cross-linked poly(ester urethane) networks containing perfluorinated dangling chains to self-replenish their surface, after being submitted to repeated surface damage. For this purpose we used a combined experimental-simulation approach. Experimentally, the cross-linked films were intentionally damaged by cryo-microtoming to remove top layers and create new surfaces which were characterized by water Contact Angle measurements and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The same systems were simultaneously represented by a Dissipative Particles Dynamics simulation method, where the damage was modeled by removing the top film layers in the simulation box and replacing it by new "air" beads. The influence of different experimental parameters, such as the concentration of the low surface energy component and the molecular m...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Esteves

Lyakhova

Riel

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Chlorobenzene was encapsulated in PUF shell using in situ polymerization method with an average diameter of 160±20 !m [19]. In an advanced attempt, co-encapsulation of epoxy monomer with solvents in PUF shells were done by dissolving epoxy resins in solvents before adding to the emulsion mixture [19,20]. Drying oil encapsulated microcapsules, specifically designed for self-healing epoxy coatings, were also generated by in situ polymerization [21].…”

Section: Polymer Capsules As Self-healing Agent Containers 21 Prepamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The healing mechanism they proposed involved the local swelling of the matrix by the solvent which allowed the accessibility of residual amines and further crosslinking with residual epoxy functionality. The self-healing ability of the solvent-based system could be further improved by ) scanning electron microscope image shows the fracture plane of a selfhealing material with a ruptured PUF microcapsule in a thermosetting matrix [8] using an epoxy monomer co-encapsulated with solvents [20,39]. In such case, the additional epoxy monomer delivered to the crack plane provided additional crosslinking to have new thermoset material to the original matrix interface with multiple healing events.…”

Section: Polymer Capsules In Epoxy Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Containers’ for self-healing epoxy composites and coating: Trends and advances

Vijayan¹,

Al-Maadeed²

2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.The introduction of self-healing functionality into epoxy matrix is an important and challenging topic. Various micro/nano containers loaded self-healing agents are developed and incorporated into epoxy matrix to impart self-healing ability. The current report reviews the major findings in the area of self-healing epoxy composites and coatings with special emphasis on these containers. The preparation and use of polymer micro/nano capsules, polymer fibers, hollow glass fibers/bubbles, inorganic nanotubes, inorganic meso-and nano-porous materials, carbon nanotubes etc. as self-healing containers are outlined. The nature of the container and its response to the external stimulations greatly influence the self-healing performance. The self-healing mechanism associated with each type of container and the role of container parameters on self-healing performance of self-healing epoxy systems are reviewed. Comparison of the efficiency offered by different types of containers is introduced. Finally, the selection of containers to develop cost effective and green self-healing systems are mentioned.

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“…As bandas de 1624 e 1547 cm -1 são atribuídas aos grupos funcionais de amidas primárias e secundárias da resina uréia-formaldeído. Segundo ZHAOGUO, et al [13] a absorção da banda em torno de 1645 cm -1 estáeassociada a grupos C=O, enquanto a banda a 1550 cm -1 1aatribuída a grupos -C-N-. Estas são as bandas características atribuídas ao PUF, material do invólucro polimérico que formou as microcápsulas.…”

Section: A Composição Das Microcápsulas Foi Caracterizada Por Ftir Sunclassified

Preparação e caracterização de microcápsulas de poli (ureia-formaldeído) preenchidas com diciclopentadieno

2014

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RESUMOAs microcápsulas que contêm agentes de cura têm sido utilizadas para desenvolver compósitos poliméricos com propriedades auto regenerativas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a produção e caracterização de microcápsulas de poli (uréia-formaldeído), PUF, contendo diciclopentadieno, que satisfaz os requisitos para um material de auto cura para resinas epoxídicas. Uma série de microcápsulas de PUF foram sintetizadas utilizando diferentes parâmetros do processo, incluindo o tipo e concentração de surfactante, o método e a velocidade de agitação. As microcápsulas foram caracterizadas por microscopia eletrônica, análise térmica (DSC, TG) e espectroscopia no infravermelho (FTIR). A distribuição do tamanho e o diâmetro médio das microcápsulas foram determinados por difração a laser. Os resultados mostram que os parâmetros do processo afetam diretamente o tamanho e a morfologia das microcápsulas. Pela seleção da taxa de agitação, foi possível produzir microcápsulas com diâmetros entre 1 e 100 µm.Palavras chaves: poli (uréia-formaldeído), diciclopentadieno, auto cura, microcápsulas ABSTRACT Microcapsules containing curing agents have been used to develop polymer composites with self-healing properties. This work aims the production and characterization of microcapsules of poly (ureaformaldehyde), PUF, containing dicyclopentadiene, which satisfies the requirements for the self-healing of epoxy resins. A series of PUF microcapsules was synthesized using different process parameters, including the type and concentration of surfactant, and the stirring method and speed. The microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis (DSC, TG) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The size distribution and the average diameter was determined in a particle size analyzer by laser diffraction. The results show that the process parameters directly affect the size and morphology of the microcapsules. By the selection of the stirring rate, microcapsules were produced in the diameter range of 1-100 μm. Key words: poly (urea-formaldehyde), dicyclopentadiene, self-healing, microcapsules 1. INTRODUÇÃO O emprego mundial de materiais de engenharia tem crescido exponencialmente nos últimos anos, alcançando patamares de 20 milhões de tonelada/ano, com uma diversidade de aplicações e tem ganhado destaque na indústria aeroespacial. No entanto, uma das principais preocupações é quanto a integridade estrutural do composto, pois as matrizes poliméricas são sujeitas a rachaduras e fissuras internas devido ao impacto, intempéries, cargas ou fadiga. Estas microfissuras, em escala milimétrica, são difíceis de serem detectadas e reparadas e nem sempre são perceptíveis. Isto torna o compósito suscetível a falhas, fazendo-se necessário

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Microcapsules filled with reactive solutions for self-healing materials

Cited by 394 publications

References 33 publications

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

‘Containers’ for self-healing epoxy composites and coating: Trends and advances

Preparação e caracterização de microcápsulas de poli (ureia-formaldeído) preenchidas com diciclopentadieno

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