Microbiota potentialized larvicidal action of imidazolium salts against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Mosquitoes are important vectors of pathogens due to their blood feeding behavior. Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) transmits arboviruses, such as dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. This species carries several bacteria that may be beneficial for its biological and physiological development. Therefore, studying the response of its microbiota to chemical products could result in vector control. Recently, imidazolium salts (IS) were identified as effective Ae. aegypti larvicides. Considering the importance of the mosquito microbiota, this study addressed the influence of IS on the bacteria of Ae. aegypti larvae. After exposition of larvae to different IS concentrations, the cultured microbiota was identified through culturomics and mass spectrometry, and the non-cultivated microbiota was characterized by molecular markers. In addition, the influence of the IS on axenic larvae was studied for comparison. There was an alteration in both cultivable species and in their diversity, including modifications in bacterial communities. The axenic larvae were less susceptible to the IS, which was increased after exposing these larvae to bacteria of laboratory breeding water. This highlights the importance of understanding the role of the larval microbiota of Ae. aegypti in the development of imidazolium salt-based larvicides. Such effect of IS towards microbiota of Ae. aegypti larvae, through their antimicrobial action, increases their larvicidal potential.

Imidazolium salts as alternative compounds to control diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria

“…). The spectral data of C 16 MImBr , MImC 10 MImBr 2 , C 16 MImMeS and n ‐hexadecyl methanesulfonate, the compound source for the synthesis of C 16 MImMeS , are in agreement with those previously reported (Toppino et al ; Ziembowicz et al ; Pilz‐Junior et al ). For C 16 M 4 ImCl , the NMR, FTIR and MS data support its structure and purity.…”

“…1‐ n ‐Hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ( C 16 MImCl ) was purchased from CJC China JIE Chemical. 1‐ n ‐Hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide ( C 16 MImBr ), 1,10‐bis(methylimidazolium‐1‐yl) decane bromide ( MImC 10 MImBr 2 ), n ‐hexadecyl methanesulfonate, and 1‐ n ‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methanesulfonate ( C 16 MImMeS ) were synthesized according to previously reported procedures (Toppino et al ; Ziembowicz et al ; Pilz‐Junior et al ). n ‐Hexadecyl methanesulfonate was used as a source for the synthesis of C 16 MImMeS .…”

Impact of imidazolium salts to reduce the infection of Bombyx mori caterpillars by Beauveria bassiana

“…One PS, n ‐hexadecylpyridinium chloride, C 16 PyrCl (Sigma‐Aldrich, São Paulo, Brazil), and seven ISs were used in this study: 1‐ n ‐decyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, C 10 MlmCl (Sigma‐Aldrich); 1‐ n ‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, C 16 MlmCl (Shen et al, 2019); 1,3‐di‐ n ‐decyl‐2‐methylimidazolium chloride (C 10 ) 2 MImCl (Sigma‐Aldrich); 1‐ n ‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, C 4 MlmCl (Sigma‐Aldrich); 1‐ n ‐hexadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methanesulfonate, C 16 MlmMeS (Pilz‐Junior et al, 2019); 1,3‐di‐ n ‐hexadecylimidazolium chloride, (C 16 ) 2 lmCl (Rohini et al, 2013); and 1‐ n ‐octadecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, C 18 MlmCl (CJC China Jie Chemical, Shanghai, China) (Figure 1). Solutions were prepared in sterile distilled water, at a concentration of 100 μg ml −1 (0.01%), and they were sterilized with 0.22 μm pore filters, and kept in sterilized bottles until use.…”

Endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. as a source of 3-nitropropionic acid with larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762, Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus 1762; Diptera: Culicidae) is responsible for the transmission of the Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and dengue viruses, all of which are a cause for concern in health sectors around the world 1 . In Brazil, the dengue virus is considered hyperendemic with the circulation of all four serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) 2 .…”

“…Synthetic insecticides are the main means of controlling the vectors of these diseases; however, the continuous use of these products has triggered resistance in mosquito populations, as well as affecting non-target organisms and contaminating the environment 1 . Therefore, it is critical to find new ways to combat transmitting agents, such as natural fungal products, which have shown great potential.…”