Microbiota of diabetic foot infections in a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia

Sánchez, Carlos A.; Niño, Manuel E.; Calderón, Mauricio; García, Luisa; Sierra, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.foot.2021.101867

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, in tropical and developing countries, Gram-negative micro-organisms are reported to be predominant. [42] In this study, the prevalence of Gram-negative micro-organisms (51.5%) was only slightly greater than that of Gram-positive micro-organisms (48.5%). A study undertaken in China showed similar results, with 54.1% of micro-organisms classified as Gram-negative and 45.9% as Gram-positive.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of diabetic foot ulcers in the South African public healthcare sector

Turner,

Leigh-de Rapper,

Mokoena

et al. 2024

S Afr Med J

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Background. Diabetic foot syndrome is defined as the presence of a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) associated with neuropathy, peripheral artery disease and infection. While the use of antimicrobials in the treatment of DFU infection remains a mainstay, the choice of antimicrobial remains problematic owing to the presence of multidrug-resistant polymicrobial infections. In the South African public healthcare sector, the treatment of DFUs is based on the Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) and the Essential Drug List. These guidelines are developed using evidence-based medicine and are based on global susceptibility patterns rather than local susceptibility data, and may not provide the most appropriate treatment options. Objectives. To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of DFUs isolated from patients visiting selected Gauteng provincial public hospitals in order to determine a clinically effective treatment protocol for the management of these infections. Methods. Sample swabs were taken from 51 DFUs using the Levine method. Each sample swab was spread onto blood agar plates, and thereafter individual pathogens were isolated. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of all isolated pathogens were determined using zone of inhibition measurements. Pathogens were grouped according to macromorphological characteristics as well as susceptibility patterns, and a representative isolate from each group was then identified. Results. A total of 51 DFU ulcer swabs from 45 patients were included in the study. From the sample swabs, a total of 445 pathogens were isolated. The most effective antimicrobial was found to be gentamicin, followed by ciprofloxacin. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, the first-line treatment according to the STGs, was found to be ineffective for many of the isolated pathogens. The most commonly isolated pathogens were Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion. These findings demonstrate the urgent need to reassess the STGs and base treatment plans on local epidemiological data. This study provides valuable data on common causative pathogens in DFU infections, as well as the resistance patterns of these pathogens, forming a baseline on which to base future DFU treatment plans.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of diabetic foot ulcers in the South African public healthcare sector

Turner,

Leigh-de Rapper,

Mokoena

et al. 2024

S Afr Med J

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“…In Argentina, for example, bureaucrats sympathetic to the Peronist party, an enduring political machine, attend rallies, canvas voters, and use government resources to cultivate voter loyalty (Auyero, 2001;Gonzalez-Ocantos & Oliveros, 2019;Oliveros, 2016Oliveros, , 2021Szwarcberg, 2015;Weitz-Shapiro, 2014). Studies from Romania and Bulgaria (Mares et al, 2018) as well as Colombia (Garcia Sanchez et al, 2015) also find that state employees perform political services for incumbents, brokering clientelistic exchanges. Given their discretionary power over the use of government resources-for example, aid, entitlements, or permits-combined with their access to citizens, bureaucrats are well-placed to act as brokers (Scott, 1972, 95).…”

Section: Brokering Bureaucrats and Connections To Politicians And Par...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brokering Bureaucrats: How Bureaucrats and Civil Society Facilitate Clientelism Where Parties are Weak

Cornell

Grimes

2022

Comparative Political Studies

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Clientelism, the exchange of selective rewards for votes, is fraught with commitment problems and questions remain regarding how it occurs in settings lacking strong parties. In such settings, we argue, bureaucrats can act as brokers using their own networks. Bureaucrats can use their discretionary power to cultivate reciprocal relations with voters and leverage this political capital in negotiations with politicians to secure career advancements. As brokering requires networks, we hypothesize that bureaucrats with connections to civil society are more likely to exhibit brokering behavior, and especially in localities with stronger civil society. Original survey data of bureaucrats ( N=1300) in a context of weak parties, Peru’s 25 regions plus the city of Lima, show that bureaucrats with connections to civil society are more likely to exhibit brokering behavior. Political and party connections are weaker predictors of brokering. The paper thus shows how locally connected bureaucrats may aid in coordinating clientelism.

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Risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission in patients with diabetic foot

Sánchez,

Galeano,

Jaramillo

et al. 2024

Foot and Ankle Surgery

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Microbiota of diabetic foot infections in a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of diabetic foot ulcers in the South African public healthcare sector

The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of diabetic foot ulcers in the South African public healthcare sector

Brokering Bureaucrats: How Bureaucrats and Civil Society Facilitate Clientelism Where Parties are Weak

Risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission in patients with diabetic foot

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