Microbiota in organ transplantation: An immunological and therapeutic conundrum?

Dery, Kenneth J.; Kadono, Kohei; Hirao, Hirofumi; Górski, Andrzej; Kupiec‐Weglinski, Jerzy W.

doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104080

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The composition of the intestinal and additional microbiotas influences the success of organ transplantations. Certain bacteria could precipitate allograft rejection by producing metabolites that activate host cell-mediated and humoral immunity ( Mitchell, 2019 ; Baghai Arassi et al., 2020 ; Campbell et al., 2020 ; Dery et al., 2020 ). Vascular allograft transplantation has a high number of graft-related complications such as extended calcification or aneurysmal degeneration, the exact cause of which is unknown despite extensive research of the last decades ( Chakfe et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, biologically active metabolites and antigens derived from the same bacteria also present may play important roles in various pathological or autoimmune processes. In addition, the relationship between outcome of liver or renal transplantation and the gut, oral or urinary microbiota has been repeatedly reported ( Campbell et al., 2020 ; Dery et al., 2020 ). At this point, we have no information about relationship of vascular allografts and any microbiota, although vascular graft failures are common and have no clear explanation ( Chakfe et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human blood vessel microbiota in healthy adults based on common femoral arteries of brain-dead multi-organ donors

Hidi

Kovács

Szabó

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Discovery of human microbiota is fundamentally changing our perceptions of certain diseases and their treatments. However little is known about the human blood vessel microbiota, it may have important effects on vascular pathological lesions and vascular homograft failure. In our prospective survey study fourteen femoral arteries, harvested from donors in multi-organ donations, were examined using the V3-V4 region 16S rRNA sequencing method. The most abundant phyla in the human vascular microbiota were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. At the genus level, the most abundant taxa were Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Acinetobacter and Propionibacterium. Of the bacterial taxa that have an indirect effect on the development of atherosclerosis, we found Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella nigrescens and Enterobacteriaceae spp. with different abundances in our samples. Of the bacteria that are more common in the intestinal flora of healthy than of atherosclerosis patients, Roseburia and Ruminococcus occurred in the majority of samples. The human arterial wall has a unique microbiota that is significantly different in composition from that of other areas of the body. Our present study provides a basis for ensuing research that investigates the direct role of the microbiota in vascular wall abnormalities and the success of vascular allograft transplantations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human blood vessel microbiota in healthy adults based on common femoral arteries of brain-dead multi-organ donors

Hidi

Kovács

Szabó

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…In the study of Bohn et al [ 5 ], the 2 pathogens present in the oral cavity were associated with generalized inflammation, endotoxemia, and heart failure severity in heart failure patients. As shown by other authors, the microbiota of organ transplant recipients may enhance rejection by producing metabolites that activate humoral and cell-mediated alloreactivity [ 29 ]. On the other hand, some microorganisms may enhance graft tolerance [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition of the Oral Cavity in Patients After Heart Transplantation: A Preliminary Report

et al. 2022

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Background:The constant impairment of the immune system caused by lifelong use of immunosuppressive drugs in patients after heart transplantation has a significant impact on oral cavity health. The aim of this study was to analyze the health of the oral cavity in patients after heart transplantation, with particular regard to occurring pathogens. Material/Methods:The study included 25 patients after heart transplantation. The research scheme was divided into 2 parts. The first part consisted of a survey on general health and oral hygiene habits. The second part of the examination consisted of an analysis of the health of the oral cavity: the mucosa, periodontium, and hard dental tissues. Particular attention was paid to PET (test for the presence of pathogens causing periodontitis/periimplantitis) and CAT (diagnostic test for the presence of Candida in the oral cavity), which are real-time PCR tests used to detect pathogens causing periodontitis and microorganisms present in oral candidiasis. Results:The conducted research and in-depth analysis of the results showed that the oral health condition in patients after heart transplantation is not satisfactory, regardless of the time that has elapsed since the surgery, sex, age, hygiene habits, or the type of immunosuppression used. The oral cavity of patients after heart transplantation is colonized with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Candida albicans. Conclusions:The cooperation of the dentist with the attending physician at each stage of the treatment should play an unquestionable role.

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“…Besides interaction with immunosuppressive drugs, gut microbiota might affect a transplanted kidney through various other mechanisms. For example, gut microbiota interact with immune cells and endothelium both directly and through metabolites such as SCFAs, tryptophan derivates, bile acids and amines [ 54 , 55 ]. Several studies demonstrated correlation between microbiota composition and such events as graft rejection, kidney interstitial fibrosis, urinary tract infections, diarrhoea or graft tolerance.…”

Section: Does the Microbiota Prolong Renal Graft Function?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Gut Microbiota on Transplanted Kidney Function

Przybyciński

Drożdżal

Wilk

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The intestinal microflora is extremely important, not only in the processes of absorption, digestion and biosynthesis of vitamins, but also in shaping the immune and cognitive functions of the human body. Several studies demonstrate a correlation between microbiota composition and such events as graft rejection, kidney interstitial fibrosis, urinary tract infections, and diarrhoea or graft tolerance. Some of those changes might be directly linked with pathologies such as colonization with pathogenic bacterial strains. Gut microbiota composition also plays an important role in metabolic complications and viral infections after transplantation. From the other side, gut microbiota might induce graft tolerance by promotion of T and B regulatory cells. Graft tolerance induction is still an extremely important issue regarding transplantology and might allow the reduction or even avoidance of immunosuppressive treatment. Although there is a rising evidence of the pivotal role of gut microbiota in aspects of kidney transplantation there is still a lack of knowledge on the direct mechanisms of microbiota action. Furthermore, some of those negative effects could be reversed by probiotics of faecal microbiota trapoinsplantation. While diabetes and hypertension as well as BKV and CMV viremia are common and important complications of transplantation, both worsening the graft function and causing systemic injuries, it opens up potential clinical treatment options. As has been also suggested in the current review, some bacterial subsets exhibit protective properties. However, currently, there is a lack of evidence on pro- and prebiotic supplementation in kidney transplant patients. In the current review, we describe the effect of the microbiota on the transplanted kidney in renal transplant recipients.

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Microbiota in organ transplantation: An immunological and therapeutic conundrum?

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Human blood vessel microbiota in healthy adults based on common femoral arteries of brain-dead multi-organ donors

Human blood vessel microbiota in healthy adults based on common femoral arteries of brain-dead multi-organ donors

Condition of the Oral Cavity in Patients After Heart Transplantation: A Preliminary Report

The Effect of the Gut Microbiota on Transplanted Kidney Function

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