Microbiota and Lung Cancer. Opportunities and Challenges for Improving Immunotherapy Efficacy

Ocariz-Díez, Maitane; Cruellas, Mara; Gascón, Marta; Lastra, Rodrigo Pimienta; Martínez-Lostao, Luis; Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel; Paño, José Ramón; Sesma, Andrea; Torres, Irene; Yubero, A.; Pardo, Julián; Isla, Dolores; Gálvez, Eva M.

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.568939

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Increasing evidence suggests that the human commensal microbiome is involved in the etiopathogenesis of cancers [ 39 ], but to date, finding a proof of causality is still a major challenge in this field. Gut microbiota was not only able to affect colorectal carcinogenesis [ 40 , 41 ], but it also seemed to affect other types of cancer distant from the gut such as lung [ 42 ] and prostate carcinomas [ 43 ]. Since several studies have demonstrated the role of the gut microbiome in the resistance to therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, it is vital to understand the specific role of microbes in cancer development and treatment efficacy to improve patient’s outcome [ 44 ].…”

Section: Human Microbiome and Microbiota Dysbiosis In Human Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Gebrayel¹,

et al. 2022

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The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the largest microbial community within the human body consisting of trillions of microbes called gut microbiota. The normal flora is the site of many physiological functions such as enhancing the host immunity, participating in the nutrient absorption and protecting the body against pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous investigations showed a bidirectional interplay between gut microbiota and many organs within the human body such as the intestines, the lungs, the brain, and the skin. Large body of evidence demonstrated, more than a decade ago, that the gut microbial alteration is a key factor in the pathogenesis of many local and systemic disorders. In this regard, a deep understanding of the mechanisms involved in the gut microbial symbiosis/dysbiosis is crucial for the clinical and health field. We review the most recent studies on the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of many diseases. We also elaborate the different strategies used to manipulate the gut microbiota in the prevention and treatment of disorders. The future of medicine is strongly related to the quality of our microbiota. Targeting microbiota dysbiosis will be a huge challenge.

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Section: Human Microbiome and Microbiota Dysbiosis In Human Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Gebrayel¹,

et al. 2022

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“…Identifying the individual bacterial species or the ideal gut microbiota environment remains a challenge [ 150 ], but it should be taken into account when designing clinical trials or analyzing previous results.…”

Section: The Microbiome: the New Eden?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Omics Approaches for the Prediction of Clinical Endpoints after Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the management of locally advanced and advanced non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). With an improvement in the overall survival (OS) as both first- and second-line treatments, ICIs, and especially programmed-death 1 (PD-1) and programmed-death ligands 1 (PD-L1), changed the landscape of thoracic oncology. The PD-L1 level of expression is commonly accepted as the most used biomarker, with both prognostic and predictive values. However, even in a low expression level of PD-L1, response rates remain significant while a significant number of patients will experience hyperprogression or adverse events. The dentification of such subtypes is thus of paramount importance. While several studies focused mainly on the prediction of the PD-L1 expression status, others aimed directly at the development of prediction/prognostic models. The response to ICIs depends on a complex physiopathological cascade, intricating multiple mechanisms from the molecular to the macroscopic level. With the high-throughput extraction of features, omics approaches aim for the most comprehensive assessment of each patient. In this article, we will review the place of the different biomarkers (clinical, biological, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and radiomics), their clinical implementation and discuss the most recent trends projecting on the future steps in prediction modeling in NSCLC patients treated with ICI.

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“…However, confirmation of these promising data in larger study cohorts, as well as more insight and knowledge to overcome some (technical) challenges, are needed [ 101 ]. Despite the fact that the study of the microbiota is still in its infancy, it is a biomarker with great potential to monitor NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy.…”

Section: Gut Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients on Immunotherapy—The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Unraveling the Puzzle

Augustus

Zwaenepoel

Siozopoulou

et al. 2021

Cancers

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In the last decade, immunotherapy has been one of the most important advances in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment landscape. Nevertheless, only a subset of NSCLC patients benefits from it. Currently, the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved diagnostic test for first-line immunotherapy in metastatic NSCLC patients uses tissue biopsies to determine the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status. However, obtaining tumor tissue is not always feasible and puts the patient at risk. Liquid biopsy, which refers to the tumor-derived material present in body fluids, offers an alternative approach. This less invasive technique gives real-time information on the tumor characteristics. This review addresses different promising liquid biopsy based biomarkers in NSCLC patients that enable the selection of patients who benefit from immunotherapy and the monitoring of patients during this therapy. The challenges and the opportunities of blood-based biomarkers such as cell-free DNA (cfDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes, epigenetic signatures, microRNAs (miRNAs) and the T cell repertoire will be addressed. This review also focuses on the less-studied feces-based and breath-based biomarkers.

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Microbiota and Lung Cancer. Opportunities and Challenges for Improving Immunotherapy Efficacy

Cited by 17 publications

References 89 publications

Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Multi-Omics Approaches for the Prediction of Clinical Endpoints after Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients on Immunotherapy—The Role of Liquid Biopsy in Unraveling the Puzzle

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