Microbiota and Lifestyle: A Special Focus on Diet

Redondo-Useros, Noemí; Nova, Esther; González-Zancada, Natalia; Díaz, L. E.; Gómez‐Martínez, Sonia; Marcos, Ascensión

doi:10.3390/nu12061776

Cited by 123 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 240 publications

(319 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, it is imperative to enhance our knowledge about the relationship between human gut microbiota and human health. Among the various environmental factors affecting the gut microbiota, the lifestyle factors that affect the composition of the gut microbiota are diet [ 4 , 5 , 6 ] and stress, physical activity [ 7 ], drug intake, alcohol drinking, and smoking habits [ 8 ]. Besides there are other influences such as heredity [ 9 ], genetic variation [ 10 ], parturition style, geographic effect [ 11 ], age [ 12 ], virome [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Nutrient Intake and Human Gut Microbiota in Monozygotic Twins

et al. 2021

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Background and Objectives: The gut microbiota is associated with human health and dietary nutrition. Various studies have been reported in this regard, but it is difficult to clearly analyze human gut microbiota as individual differences are significant. The causes of these individual differences in intestinal microflora are genetic and/or environmental. In this study, we focused on differences between identical twins in Japan to clarify the effects of nutrients consumed on the entire gut microbiome, while excluding genetic differences. Materials and Methods: We selected healthy Japanese monozygotic twins for the study and confirmed their zygosity by matching 15 short tandem repeat loci. Their fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses to identify and compare the fluctuations in intestinal bacteria. Results: We identified 12 genera sensitive to environmental factors, and found that Lactobacillus was relatively unaffected by environmental factors. Moreover, we identified protein, fat, and some nutrient intake that can affect 12 genera, which have been identified to be more sensitive to environmental factors. Among the 12 genera, Bacteroides had a positive correlation with retinol equivalent intake (rs = 0.38), Lachnospira had a significantly negative correlation with protein, sodium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intake (rs = −0.38, −0.41, −0.39, −0.63, −0.42, −0.49, respectively), Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group had a positive correlation with fat intake (rs = 0.39), and Lachnospiraceae UCG-008 group had a negative correlation with the saturated fatty acid intake (rs = −0.45). Conclusions: Our study is the first to focus on the relationship between human gut microbiota and nutrient intake using samples from Japanese twins to exclude the effects of genetic factors. These findings will broaden our understanding of the more intuitive relationship between nutrient intake and the gut microbiota and can be a useful basis for finding useful biomarkers that contribute to human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Nutrient Intake and Human Gut Microbiota in Monozygotic Twins

et al. 2021

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“…A connection between the gut microbiota and the left hippocampus has also been hypothesized after a period of feeding with a diet enriched with sugar. Although a direct influence of sugar on the brain can be suspected [54] , we cannot rule out the influence of a specific microbiota conditioned by a diet enriched with sugar [55] .…”

Section: Gut-brain Connectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Is there a link between depression, neurochemical asymmetry and cardiovascular function?

et al. 2020

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Although at present depression is one of the most disabling disorders in our social environment, the understanding of its pathogenesis and the resources for its treatment are still unsatisfactory. The importance of brain asymmetry in the pathogenesis of disorders in brain function, including mood disorders such as depression, is a highly unexplored, sometimes underrated, and even ignored topic. It is important to note that the basal and pathological functional lateralization must have an underlying neurochemical substrate. It is also necessary to indicate that the brain asymmetry extends to a neurovisceral integration whose behavior may also be lateralized. One of the most studied axis from the functional point of view is the brain-heart connection, in whose operation there are observations that suggest an asymmetric behavior in basal conditions that is modified by central and peripheral changes, as well as by pharmacological treatments. There are evidences that connect cardiovascular function, neurochemical asymmetries, and depression. A deep understanding of the bilateral behavior of the brain following pathophysiological changes in blood pressure as well as pharmacologically induced, can provide us with therapeutic suggestions for the treatment of depression. In this article, we analyze remarkable results of some representative selected contributions, with which we discuss our proposal on the relationship between hypertension, depression and neurochemical asymmetry.

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“…28 Consuming large amounts of energy-dense foods with a high saturated fatty acid content can cause dysbiosis in the gut and is associated with obesity and lowgrade chronic inflammation. 29 Thus, diets low in saturated fatty acids, as well as those supplemented with good-quality fat and fibers, are a reliable and healthy strategy for people with…”

Section: Low-fat Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%