Microbiota and cancer: current understanding and mechanistic implications

Khan, Abdul Arif; Sirsat, Atul; Singh, Harkirat; Cash, Phillip

doi:10.1007/s12094-021-02690-x

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Finally, increasing evidence has shown that the composition of the gut microbiota influences cancer susceptibility and prognosis as well as response to onco-immunological treatments in cancer patients [ 121 , 122 ]. This is important, considering that up to 30% of patients with long COVID may present with gastrointestinal symptoms [ 123 ] and that long COVID is associated with altered gut microbiota composition [ 98 , 124 , 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: Long Covid and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID: Clinical Framing, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches

Conti

Corbi

Sabbatino

et al. 2023

JPM

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More than two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers are facing an emergency within an emergency, the so-called long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Patients diagnosed with PCS develop an extended range of persistent symptoms and/or complications from COVID-19. The risk factors and clinical manifestations are many and various. Advanced age, sex/gender, and pre-existing conditions certainly influence the pathogenesis and course of this syndrome. However, the absence of precise diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers may further complicate the clinical management of patients. This review aimed to summarize recent evidence on the factors influencing PCS, possible biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches. Older patients recovered approximately one month earlier than younger patients, with higher rates of symptoms. Fatigue during the acute phase of COVID-19 appears to be an important risk factor for symptom persistence. Female sex, older age, and active smoking are associated with a higher risk of developing PCS. The incidence of cognitive decline and the risk of death are higher in PCS patients than in controls. Complementary and alternative medicine appears to be associated with improvement in symptoms, particularly fatigue. The heterogeneous nature of post-COVID symptoms and the complexity of patients with PCS, who are often polytreated due to concomitant clinical conditions, suggest a holistic and integrated approach to provide useful guidance for the treatment and overall management of long COVID.

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Section: Long Covid and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID: Clinical Framing, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches

Conti

Corbi

Sabbatino

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…Imbalance in the enteric bacterial community by a variety of agents can result in disease conditions [ 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 ]. Accordingly, restoring, or re-establishing, normobiosis may hold promise to address or even avoid dysbiosis-associated pathologies.…”

Section: Future Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversations in the Gut: The Role of Quorum Sensing in Normobiosis

Markus

Paul

Teralı

et al. 2023

IJMS

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An imbalance in gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, has been shown to affect host health. Several factors, including dietary changes, have been reported to cause dysbiosis with its associated pathologies that include inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, depression, and autism. We recently demonstrated the inhibitory effects of artificial sweeteners on bacterial quorum sensing (QS) and proposed that QS inhibition may be one mechanism behind such dysbiosis. QS is a complex network of cell–cell communication that is mediated by small diffusible molecules known as autoinducers (AIs). Using AIs, bacteria interact with one another and coordinate their gene expression based on their population density for the benefit of the whole community or one group over another. Bacteria that cannot synthesize their own AIs secretly “listen” to the signals produced by other bacteria, a phenomenon known as “eavesdropping”. AIs impact gut microbiota equilibrium by mediating intra- and interspecies interactions as well as interkingdom communication. In this review, we discuss the role of QS in normobiosis (the normal balance of bacteria in the gut) and how interference in QS causes gut microbial imbalance. First, we present a review of QS discovery and then highlight the various QS signaling molecules used by bacteria in the gut. We also explore strategies that promote gut bacterial activity via QS activation and provide prospects for the future.

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“…Perturbation of the microbiome influences cancer risk both locally and at distant sites; proposed mechanistic links include induction of inflammation, alteration of the tissue microenvironment, metabolic effects, and direct toxic effects, but much remains to be explored, especially beyond the gut microbiome [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] . In tandem, pilot data suggests that the composition of the innate microbiome of sterilely obtained histologically normal breast tissues is different between women with and without breast cancer [4] , [5] , [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%