Microbiome of Barrier Organs in Allergy: Who Runs the World? Germs!

Schwierzeck, Vera; Hülpüsch, Claudia; Reiger, Matthias

doi:10.1007/164_2021_478

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Current sequencing technologies detect and analyze the human microbiome with the greatest number of details ever described. 1 Variation in the composition or function of microbial ecological systems was evaluated through the 16S, a small subunit of rRNA gene, and sequencing techniques. 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the environment on the microbiome

Chong-Neto

D’Amato

Filho

2022

Jornal de Pediatria

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the environment on the microbiome

Chong-Neto

D’Amato

Filho

2022

Jornal de Pediatria

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“…100 Međutim, značajne razlike u vrstama mikrobioma opisane su u bolestima kao što su upalna bolest crijeva ili alergijske bolesti. 101 Razvoj i održavanje zdravoga crijevnog mikrobioma ključni su za zdravstveni status pojedinca jer sudjeluju u brojnim fiziološkim funkcijama: ometaju kolonizaciju patoge na, promiču cjelovitost epitelne barijere, sintetiziraju vitamine B12 i K te imaju snažnu imunomodulatornu ulogu. 102 Iako ostaje neriješeno pitanje što je zdrav mi krobiom, neke vrste povezuju se s alergijskim bolesti ma.…”

Section: Mikrobiom I Razvoj Alergijskih Bolestiunclassified

Risk factors for the prevalence and development of allergic diseases

2024

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Alergijske bolesti kao što su alergija na hranu, atopijski dermatitis, alergijska astma i alergijski rinitis prototipski su primjeri bolesti u patogenezi kojih je složena interakcija genetskih/epigenetskih i okolišnih čimbenika. Poznato je da epigenetski mehanizmi igraju ključnu ulogu u patogenezi alergijskih poremećaja, posebno kroz posredovanje učinaka čimbenika okoliša, poznatih modifikatora rizika. Okolišni čimbenici nisu samo čimbenici rizika, već igraju važnu ulogu u razvoju i pogoršanju alergijskih bolesti. Izravni ili neizravni učinci okolišnih čimbenika na epigenetske mehanizme i na ekspresiju gena pogoduju razvoju alergijskih bolesti. Ekspozicija čimbenicima iz zatvorenog prostora poput grinja iz kućne prašine ili ekspozicija duhanskom dimu može značajno povećati pojavu astme i/ili alergijskog rinitisa, kao i ekspozicija čimbenicima iz vanjskog prostora poput polutanata, česticama mikroplastike i nanoplastike, koji mogu utjecati na alergogenost u tzv. prirodnih alergena, ali i na funkcionalnost epitelne barijere i modifikaciju imunološkog odgovora. Klimatske promjene i globalno zatopljenje imaju značajne učinke na povećanje rasta alergenih vrsta, porast koncentracije alergogenih peludi kao i trajanje sezone polenacije. Osim toga, virusi i drugi patogeni prepoznati su i kao čimbenici rizika za pojavu i pogoršanje alergijskih bolesti. Brojni modifikatori mikrobioma te čimbenici koji utječu na funkcionalnost barijera, kao što su različiti nutrijenti, također su prepoznati kao čimbenici rizika za razvoj alergijskih bolesti. U ovom preglednom članku raspravljamo o čimbenicima rizika za pojavu i razvoj alergijskih bolesti u djece.

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“…The main bacterial phyla present in the human healthy gut are Firmicutes (classes Clostridia and Lactobacillus ) , Bacteroidetes (class Bacteroidales ), Actinobacteria (class Bifidobacteriaceae ), and Pseudomonadota / Proteobacteria (class Enterobacterales ) ( Figure 3 ) ( 171 ). However, important differences in microbiome species have been described in diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease ( 37 , 170 ), celiac disease ( 172 ) or food allergies ( 173 , 174 ), among others.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome As a Key Regulator Of The Intestinal Epitheli...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond allergic progression: From molecules to microbes as barrier modulators in the gut-lung axis functionality

et al. 2023

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The “epithelial barrier hypothesis” states that a barrier dysfunction can result in allergy development due to tolerance breakdown. This barrier alteration may come from the direct contact of epithelial and immune cells with the allergens, and indirectly, through deleterious effects caused by environmental changes triggered by industrialization, pollution, and changes in the lifestyle. Apart from their protective role, epithelial cells can respond to external factors secreting IL-25 IL-33, and TSLP, provoking the activation of ILC2 cells and a Th2-biased response. Several environmental agents that influence epithelial barrier function, such as allergenic proteases, food additives or certain xenobiotics are reviewed in this paper. In addition, dietary factors that influence the allergenic response in a positive or negative way will be also described here. Finally, we discuss how the gut microbiota, its composition, and microbe-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, alter not only the gut but also the integrity of distant epithelial barriers, focusing this review on the gut-lung axis.

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Microbiome of Barrier Organs in Allergy: Who Runs the World? Germs!

Cited by 8 publications

References 69 publications

Impact of the environment on the microbiome

Impact of the environment on the microbiome

Risk factors for the prevalence and development of allergic diseases

Beyond allergic progression: From molecules to microbes as barrier modulators in the gut-lung axis functionality

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