Microbiome in Reflux Disorders and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Yang, Liying; Chaudhary, Noami; Baghdadi, Jonathan; Pei, Zhiheng

doi:10.1097/ppo.0000000000000044

Cited by 75 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Most publications relate to disease in which host-microbe interaction is likely to play a role in disease pathogenesis and ongoing disease flare; these are mostly chronic conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 4,[16][17][18] asthma, [19][20][21] skin conditions, 22 and cancers. [23][24][25] The immunomodulatory effect of the microbiome seems likely to hold a key to understanding several diseases, and correlation of host gene expression (transcriptome) with the microbiome and microbial gene expression may yield useful insights. 16,18,26 Trials have begun to look at the effect of specific modulatory diets on the gut microbiome, largely in the context of IBD 17,27 and IBS.…”

Section: Which Diseases Types May Be Of Interest To Microbiome Researmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Interpretation of the Human Microbiome

Ashton

Beattie

Ennis

et al. 2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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Microbiome research has experienced an unprecedented level of growth over the last decade. This is largely due to revolutionary developments in, and accessibility to, DNA sequencing technologies that have enabled laboratories with even modest budgets to undertake projects. Study of the human microbiome in particular has seen a surge in interest, and although a lot of time and money has been focused on health and disease, the clinical interpretation of these data and the ability of clinicians to understand these studies in the context of disease are less straightforward. Conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and cancer have seen a huge increase in research focused on the role of microbiome in disease pathogenesis, but the ability of clinicians to appraise and use these data is largely lacking. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction for clinicians and nonclinicians wishing to learn about and engage in microbiome research. It details the background of microbiome research and discusses the process of generating 16S rRNA sequencing data, the most commonly used method for microbiome analysis. We discuss the interpretation of results in a clinical context, commonly used metrics for analysis and discuss future impact and direction for microbiome research. The meteoric rise of genomic medicine to the brink of routine clinical use should be seen as a blueprint for the microbiome; the ability for physicians to understand and interpret these data is vital to this growth and aiding clinicians (and researchers) to participate in further microbiome research.(Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016;0:1-10)

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Section: Which Diseases Types May Be Of Interest To Microbiome Researmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Interpretation of the Human Microbiome

Ashton

Beattie

Ennis

et al. 2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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“…Inflammation has been implicated in oesophageal carcinogenesis through processes known to be associated with a variety of risk factors, including obesity [4], gastroesophageal reflux [5], smoking [6], the microbiome (e.g. human papillomavirus) [7], and diet [8]. Consistently, diet has been shown to modulate inflammation [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-related inflammation and oesophageal cancer by histological type: a nationwide case–control study in Sweden

Shivappa

Lin

et al. 2015

Eur J Nutr

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inflammatory potential of diet. DII scores were computed based on a food frequency questionnaire. Higher DII scores indicate more pro-inflammatory diets. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were computed to assess risk associated between DII scores and oesophageal cancer using logistic regression adjusted by potential confounders. Results In total, 189 oesophageal adenocarcinomas, 262 gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinomas, 167 oesophageal squamous cell carcinomas, and 820 control subjects were recruited into the study. Significant associations with DII were observed for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR Quartile4vs1 4.35, 95 % CI 2.24, 8.43), oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OR Quartile4vs1 3.59, 95 % CI 1.87, 6.89), and gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma (OR Quartile4vs1 2.04, 95 % CI 1.24, 3.36). Significant trends across quartiles of DII were observed for all subtypes of oesophageal cancer. Conclusions Diet-related inflammation appears to be associated with an increased risk of oesophageal cancer, regardless of histological type.

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“…The relationship between the perturbation of intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) and multiple diseases including cancers has become a hot topic over the last decade. Whether dysbiosis is responsible for esophageal disorders including BE or cancer remains lack of evidence [9,10]. Yang et al [11] demonstrated differences in esophageal microbiomes among normal esophagus, esophagitis, and BE in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%