Microbiome and the Immune System

Cortes-Perez, Naima G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819265-8.00034-6

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The gut microbiota(GM) refers to the distinct microbial populations that inhabit the intestinal tract and coexist in a mutually bene cial relationship with the host organism, including bacteria, protozoa, fungi, archaea, and viruses [10].It has the potential to in uence multiple physiological processes, including metabolism, in ammation, and immune responses [11][12][13][14].The identi cation of gut microbiota taxonomic characteristics and their potential role is mainly based on the utilization of 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing methods, which are commonly employed techniques [15].In a recent study by Rajasekaran et al[16], a total of 24 lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) were analyzed, revealing that the microbial makeup present in healthy IVDs contrasted with that of degenerated and herniated IVDs.Changes in the composition of the microbiome and the way hosts respond to microbiota, which can cause abnormal bone growth and resorption [17,18], gave rise to the idea of the gut-bone marrow axis [19,20] and the gut-bone axis [18]. Subsequent to the study conducted by Rajasekaran et al, a comparable gut-disc axis concept has emerged that could have signi cant implications in intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain [16,21].…”

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Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Geng

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BACKGROUND Although previous studies have suggested a close association between gut microbiota(GM) and intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD), the causal relationship between them remains unclear.Hence,we thoroughly investigate their causal relationship by means of a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study, aiming to determine the impact of gut microbiota on the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration. METHODS Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of GM (the MiBioGen) and IVDD (the FinnGen biobank) have been acquired.The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary MR analysis approach. Weighted median (WME), MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode were used as supplements. The mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression were performed to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test evaluated heterogeneity.Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was further conducted to determine the reliability of the causal relationship. A reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess potential reverse causation. RESULTS We identified nine gut microbial taxa that were causally associated with IVDD(P < 0.05).Following the Benjamini-Hochberg corrected test, the association between the phylum Bacteroidetes and a higher risk of IVDD remained significant(IVW FDR-corrected P = 0.0365). The results of the Cochrane Q test did not indicate heterogeneity (P > 0.05). Additionally, both the MR-Egger intercept test and the MR-PRESSO global test revealed that our results were not influenced by horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the leave-one-out analysis substantiated the reliability of the causal relationship.In the reverse analysis, no evidence was found to suggest that IVDD has an impact on the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Our results validate the potential causal impact of particular GM taxa on IVDD, thus providing fresh insights into the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of IVDD and laying the groundwork for further research into targeted preventive measures.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Geng

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Although previous studies have suggested a close association between gut microbiota (GM) and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), the causal relationship between them remains unclear. Hence, we thoroughly investigate their causal relationship by means of a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, aiming to determine the impact of gut microbiota on the risk of developing intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods Summary data from genome-wide association studies of GM (the MiBioGen) and IVDD (the FinnGen biobank) have been acquired. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary MR analysis approach. Weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode were used as supplements. The Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and MR-Egger regression were performed to assess horizontal pleiotropy. Cochran's Q test evaluated heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was further conducted to determine the reliability of the causal relationship. A reverse MR analysis was conducted to assess potential reverse causation. Results We identified nine gut microbial taxa that were causally associated with IVDD (P < 0.05). Following the Benjamini–Hochberg corrected test, the association between the phylum Bacteroidetes and a higher risk of IVDD remained significant (IVW FDR-corrected P = 0.0365). The results of the Cochrane Q test did not indicate heterogeneity (P > 0.05). Additionally, both the MR-Egger intercept test and the MR-PRESSO global test revealed that our results were not influenced by horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the leave-one-out analysis substantiated the reliability of the causal relationship. In the reverse analysis, no evidence was found to suggest that IVDD has an impact on the gut microbiota. Conclusion Our results validate the potential causal impact of particular GM taxa on IVDD, thus providing fresh insights into the gut microbiota-mediated mechanism of IVDD and laying the groundwork for further research into targeted preventive measures.

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Microbiome and the Immune System

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Gut microbiota and intervertebral disc degeneration: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

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