Microbiome and Retinal Vascular Diseases

Lincke, Joel; Christe, Lucine; Unterlauft, Jan Darius; Zinkernagel, Martin; Zysset-Burri, Denise C.

doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.017

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 55 publications

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“…In addition, a high level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) may indicate the progression of changes in the eye fundus [ 12 ]. Other factors, which may contribute to the development of retinopathy, are higher systolic or diastolic blood pressure, hypertension [ 13 ], obesity [ 14 ], hyperlipidemia [ 15 , 16 ], anemia [ 17 ], pregnancy [ 18 ], puberty [ 19 ], cataract surgery [ 20 ], nephropathy [ 21 ]. The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), an indicator of central obesity, has been found to be associated with insulin resistance and serves as an independent risk factor for retinopathy in diabetic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Biochemical Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

Mrowicka,

Mrowicki,

Majsterek

2024

JCM

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive blinding disease, which affects the vision and quality of life of patients, and it severely impacts the society. This complication, caused by abnormal glucose metabolism, leads to structural, functional, molecular, and biochemical abnormalities in the retina. Oxidative stress and inflammation also play pivotal roles in the pathogenic process of DR, leading to mitochondrial damage and a decrease in mitochondrial function. DR causes retinal degeneration in glial and neural cells, while the disappearance of pericytes in retinal blood vessels leads to alterations in vascular regulation and stability. Clinical changes include dilatation and blood flow changes in response to the decrease in retinal perfusion in retinal blood vessels, leading to vascular leakage, neovascularization, and neurodegeneration. The loss of vascular cells in the retina results in capillary occlusion and ischemia. Thus, DR is a highly complex disease with various biological factors, which contribute to its pathogenesis. The interplay between biochemical pathways and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is essential for understanding the development and progression of DR. Abnormal expression of ncRNAs has been confirmed to promote the development of DR, suggesting that ncRNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs have potential as diagnostic biomarkers and theranostic targets in DR. This review provides an overview of the interactions between abnormal biochemical pathways and dysregulated expression of ncRNAs under the influence of hyperglycemic environment in DR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Biochemical Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

Mrowicka,

Mrowicki,

Majsterek

2024

JCM

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Elucidating the Role of the Microbiome in Ocular Diseases

Luo,

Skondra

2023

The American Journal of Pathology

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Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

Nguyen,

Rudd Zhong Manis,

Ronczkowski

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and ocular health has surpassed conventional medical beliefs, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of organ interconnectivity. This review investigates into the intricate relationship between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and their consequential impact on ocular health and disease pathogenesis. By examining the role of specific metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate and bile acids (BAs), herein we elucidate their significant contributions to ocular pathologies, thought-provoking the traditional belief of organ sterility, particularly in the field of ophthalmology. Highlighting the dynamic nature of the gut microbiota and its profound influence on ocular health, this review underlines the necessity of comprehending the complex workings of the gut-eye axis, an emerging field of science ready for further exploration and scrutiny. While acknowledging the therapeutic promise in manipulating the gut microbiome and its metabolites, the available literature advocates for a targeted, precise approach. Instead of broad interventions, it emphasizes the potential of exploiting specific microbiome-related metabolites as a focused strategy. This targeted approach compared to a precision tool rather than a broad-spectrum solution, aims to explore the therapeutic applications of microbiome-related metabolites in the context of various retinal diseases. By proposing a nuanced strategy targeted at specific microbial metabolites, this review suggests that addressing specific deficiencies or imbalances through microbiome-related metabolites might yield expedited and pronounced outcomes in systemic health, extending to the eye. This focused strategy holds the potential in bypassing the irregularity associated with manipulating microbes themselves, paving a more efficient pathway toward desired outcomes in optimizing gut health and its implications for retinal diseases.

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Microbiome and Retinal Vascular Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Relationship between Biochemical Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

Relationship between Biochemical Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

Elucidating the Role of the Microbiome in Ocular Diseases

Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease

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