Microbiome and intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

Nadatani, Yuji; Watanabe, Toshio; Shimada, Sunao; Otani, Koji; Tanigawa, Tetsuya; Fujiwara, Yasuhiro

doi:10.3164/jcbn.17-137

Cited by 65 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Inflammation stems from both direct ischaemic insult and reperfusion injury; the latter is caused by the release of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines during restoration of normal tissue perfusion,1 damage from which may exceed the direct effects of ischaemia. Bacterial translocation, intestinal vasospasm and intestinal dysbiosis (from disruption of the gut microbiome) also contribute to tissue damage 2. Colonic ischaemia occurs in a top-down distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischaemic colitis: practical challenges and evidence-based recommendations for management

Hung

Calderbank

Samaan

et al. 2019

Frontline Gastroenterol

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Ischaemic colitis (IC) is a common condition with rising incidence, and in severe cases a high mortality rate. Its presentation, severity and disease behaviour can vary widely, and there exists significant heterogeneity in treatment strategies and resultant outcomes. In this article we explore practical challenges in the management of IC, and where available make evidence-based recommendations for its management based on a comprehensive review of available literature. An optimal approach to initial management requires early recognition of the diagnosis followed by prompt and appropriate investigation. Ideally, this should involve the input of both gastroenterology and surgery. CT with intravenous contrast is the imaging modality of choice. It can support clinical diagnosis, define the severity and distribution of ischaemia, and has prognostic value. In all but fulminant cases, this should be followed (within 48 hours) by lower gastrointestinal endoscopy to reach the distal-most extent of the disease, providing endoscopic (and histological) confirmation. The mainstay of medical management is conservative/supportive treatment, with bowel rest, fluid resuscitation and antibiotics. Specific laboratory, radiological and endoscopic features are recognised to correlate with more severe disease, higher rates of surgical intervention and ultimately worse outcomes. These factors should be carefully considered when deciding on the need for and timing of surgical intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ischaemic colitis: practical challenges and evidence-based recommendations for management

Hung

Calderbank

Samaan

et al. 2019

Frontline Gastroenterol

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“…However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ali/ardS induced by iir or lPS are different. iir occurs due to the transient obliteration of the SMa and reperfusion of the ischemic bowel (48). as a common complication of iir, lung injury is caused by a systemic inflammatory response due to the proinflammatory cytokines and bacteria-derived endotoxins released from the damaged intestine (49)(50)(51).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine alleviates lung injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion

Chen

Bian

2020

Mol Med Report

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant mechanisms of dexmedetomidine against lung injury during intestinal ischemia reperfusion (iir) in rats. The model of iir-induced acute lung injury was established by occluding the superior mesenteric artery (SMa) for 1 h and reperfusing for 2 h using Sprague-dawley rats. Pathological examination was used to assess the extent of the lung injury. oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase in the lung and plasma. The proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were determined via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mrna and protein expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (Ho-1) were determined using a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine significantly inhibited the oxidative stress response and proinflammatory factor release caused by IIR compared with the normal saline group (Mda and Sod in lung and plasma, P<0.05; MPo, il-1β and TnF-α in lung and plasma, P<0.05). dexmedetomidine improved pulmonary pathological changes in iir rats compared with the normal saline group. investigations into the molecular mechanism revealed that dexmedetomidine increased the expression levels of nrf2 and Ho-1 via activating α2 adrenergic receptors compared with the normal saline group. The antagonism of α2 adrenergic receptors may reverse the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on lung injury during iir, including decreasing the expression levels of nrf2 and Ho-1, elevating the oxidative stress response and increasing the proinflammatory factor release. in conclusion, pretreatment with dexmedetomidine demonstrated protective effects against lung injury during iir via α2 adrenergic receptors. The nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathway may serve a function in the protective effect of dexmedetomidine.

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“…Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury refers to severe tissue damage caused by secondary inflammation and oxidative stress once the blood supply has been restored. The small intestine is the most sensitive organ to I/R injury, with high fatality rates due to the spread of inflammation to multiple distant organs [22] . The naturally occurring interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) has already attracted quite some interest as for its potential ability to counteract IL-1 in inflammation and autoimmune diseases [23] , [24] .…”

Section: Also In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Evergreen influenza – Tackling an old enemy with fresh munitions

Häfner

2019

Biomedical Journal

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This special edition of the Biomedical Journal puts the innate immune system into the limelight. We learn about the universal mechanisms underlying the immediate defense against influenza viruses mounted by innate immunity but also its detrimental secondary effects and how differential host genetics influence the network. Moreover, this issue addresses how oral hygiene is a concern for the entire organism, that younger age goes well with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and zinc with feeling less distressed by tinnitus caused by noise-induced hearing loss, and that IL-1Ra holds very promising potential to prevent intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury. Finally, we discover which type of post optimally protects devitalized teeth from breaking and how difficult it is to accurately diagnose the macrofollicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Microbiome and intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

Cited by 65 publications

References 104 publications

Ischaemic colitis: practical challenges and evidence-based recommendations for management

Ischaemic colitis: practical challenges and evidence-based recommendations for management

Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine alleviates lung injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion

Evergreen influenza – Tackling an old enemy with fresh munitions

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