Microbiology of lower respiratory tract infection in workers of garment industry of Kathmandu

Abstract

OBJECTIVESThis study was designed with the objectives of describing the distribution pattern of microorganisms responsible for causing LRTI in the workers of garment industries. MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 198 cases of suspected person of Lower Respiratory Tract infection (LRTI) LRTI were included in this study. This study was conducted between November 2009 to April 2010. Specimen for the study was expectorated sputum. Gram-stain, Ziehl-Neelsen stains and culture were performed. RESULTSOn direct microscopic examination, 20.51% were Gram positive bacteria, 79.48% were Gram negative bacteria and 4% were smear positive AFB. On culture sensitivity examination, 22% percent showed growth of different bacteria in different culture media. The bacteria isolated from the samples included Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.38%), Proteus mirabilis (15.38%) and Citrobacterfruendii(15.38%). Gram Negative bacteria were found most susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (92.30%, 24/26) and Amikacin (92.30%, 24/26). Similarly, Gram Positive bacteria were found most susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (100%, 8/8) followed by Cloxacillin and Cephalexin (87.5%, 7/8). Smear positive AFB was significantly associated with not using the protective measures (mask) by workers and presence of symptoms (cough for more than two weeks, night sweat, hemoptysis and anorexia) (p=0.031). Culture positivity was significantly associated with symptoms like production of purulent sputum (p=0.045). CONCLUSIONThere was insignificant association between LRTI and risk factors present in working room of garment industries. Most of the isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and resistance to Ampicillin and Cephalexin.

Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care hospital, Central Kerala

“…But frequency of isolation of Str.pyogenes was relatively low in their studies. 3,13,1 Against GNB, the most active antibiotics were Imipenem followed by Amikacin and Piperacillin tazobactam. K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa showed comparatively good susceptibility rate towards these three antibiotics.…”

“…Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is defined as the inflammation of the respiratory tract starting from trachea to the alveoli with subsequent multiplication of an infectious agent. 1 It includes bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, emphysema, lung abscess, pleural effusion and pneumonia. 2 Acute lower respiratory tract (ALRI) infections are among the most common infectious diseases affecting humans worldwide causing significant morbidity and mortality for all age groups.…”

“…2 Acute lower respiratory tract (ALRI) infections are among the most common infectious diseases affecting humans worldwide causing significant morbidity and mortality for all age groups. 1,3 It is responsible for 4.4% of all hospital admissions and 6% of general practitioner consultations. 4 It accounts for 3 to 5% of deaths in adults .Globally, about 4.2 million ALRI deaths are estimated to occur among all age groups.…”

“…4 It accounts for 3 to 5% of deaths in adults .Globally, about 4.2 million ALRI deaths are estimated to occur among all age groups. 1 The problem is much greater in developing countries where pneumonia is the most common cause of hospital attendance in adults. 5 Each type of LRTI vary in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and outcome.…”