Microbiology of early supragingival plaque development after delmopinol treatment

Collaert, Bruno; Edwardsson, S.; Attström, Rolf; Hase, J. C.; Åström, Mikael

doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.1993.tb00540.x

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The inhibitory effect of delmopinol on plaque formation was more pronounced compared to placebo, which is in agreement with previous studies (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Comparing baselines values after professional toothcleaning of the two test periods revealed a slightly higher Plaque Index score in the second than the first test period (P=0.016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Development of plaque and gingivitis after mouthrinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride

Hase¹,

Söder

et al. 1995

European J Oral Sciences

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A double-blind, randomized, 2-wk experimental gingivitis clinical trial with cross-over design in 14 dental students was conducted in order to study the efficacy and safety of delmopinol hydrochloride solution (2 mg/ml), used with no other oral hygiene procedures, in comparison with placebo. Plaque formation was measured by the Quigley & Hein Plaque Index and gingivitis was assessed by bleeding on probing according to Mühlemann & Son. Rinsing with delmopinol resulted in lower plaque scores compared to placebo. The development of gingivitis was weak during the 2-wk test periods, and thus no conclusive results were obtained. As in previous studies, the most frequent adverse event when rinsing with delmopinol was a transient anaesthetic sensation in the oral mucosa. The results showed that rinsing with delmopinol hydrochloride solution (2 mg/ml) for 60 s twice daily with no other oral hygiene procedures led to less plaque formation than rinsing with placebo. This study also showed good tolerance and acceptability of mouthrinsing with delmopinol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…No serious adverse events were reported in this study. As in previous studies (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), the most frequent adverse event when rinsing with delmopinol was a transient anesthetic sensation, especially located to the tip of the tongue. This was also confirmed in measurements of the Visual Analogue Scale (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Development of plaque and gingivitis after mouthrinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride

Hase¹,

Söder

et al. 1995

European J Oral Sciences

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“…The present study demonstrates that gram-negative bacterial cells are more sensitive to delmopinol than gram-positive cells. This conclusion is confirmed by earlier observations that delmopinol inhibits the natural microbial succession in dental plaque towards a flora consisting of anaerobes (8) or of rods, filaments and curved rods that may be periopathogenic (6). A thin plaque consisting of mostly gram-positive cocci representing a young plaque would then be promoted, and such a plaque may represent a nonpathogenic microfiora with regard to periodontal disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Delmopinol interactions with cell walls of gram‐negative and gram‐positive oral bacteria

Rundegren¹,

Sjödin²,

Petersson³

et al. 1995

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of delmopinol hydrochloride on the cell surface morphology of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial cells by using transmission electron microscopy. A second purpose was to evaluate the extraction of cell wall material caused by delmopinol and the binding of radiolabelled delmopinol to the various strains. Fresh isolates and type strains of gram-negative rods associated with periodontal disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and strains of the gram-positive streptococci Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus salivarius, were exposed to 3.2 mM (0.1%) or 6.4 mM (0.2%) delmopinol hydrochloride from 1 to 90 min. For electron microscopy the cells were fixed and negatively contrast-stained. Treatment with 6.4 mM delmopinol for 1 min resulted in marked ultrastructural changes of cell wall components and the outer cell membrane of the 3 gram-negative species compared with control cells, whereas the gram-positive streptococci treated with delmopinol showed little or no morphologic alteration as compared with untreated cells. The result from the electron microscopy was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins released from bacterial cells treated as for electron microscopy. More material was extracted from the gram-negative rods than from the gram-positive cocci. Significantly more delmopinol bound to the gram-negative rods than to the streptococci. It appears that the amphiphilic properties of delmopinol make gram-negative rods more vulnerable to delmopinol than gram-positive streptococci.

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“…The observation that delmopinol reduces bacterial acid production is also of interest for caries prevention (Simonsson et al , 1991). In short‐term and long‐term clinical trials, delmopinol has been shown to have moderate anti‐plaque and anti‐gingivitis efficacy (Collaert et al , 1993; Collaert et al , 1994; Claydon et al , 1996; Lang et al , 1998). When compared with chlorhexidine, delmopinol had lower stain and calculus scores.…”

Section: Anti‐plaque Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm‐associated oral diseases

2003

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The prevention of dental caries and periodontal diseases is targeted at the control of dental plaque. In this context, chemical agents could represent a valuable complement to mechanical plaque control. The active agents should prevent biofilm formation without affecting the biological equilibrium within the oral cavity. Depending on the goals of the preventive measures, various strategies may be considered. Anti-plaque agents with properties other than bactericidal or bacteriostatic activities may be used in primary prevention. In this approach, a modest antiplaque effect may be sufficient or even desirable, as it would decrease the side effects of the active agent. Antimicrobial agents are best indicated in secondary and tertiary prevention, as the objectives are to restore health and to prevent disease recurrence. The rational is to prevent or delay subgingival recolonization by pathogenic micro-organisms. The development of in vitro oral biofilm models certainly represents a major advance for studying and testing oral anti-plaque agents in recent years. The results of these studies have shown that chlorhexidine, hexetidine, delmopinol, amine fluoride/stannous fluoride, triclosan, phenolic compounds, among others, may inhibit biofilm development and maturation as well as affect bacterial metabolism.

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Microbiology of early supragingival plaque development after delmopinol treatment

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Development of plaque and gingivitis after mouthrinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride

Development of plaque and gingivitis after mouthrinsing with 0.2% delmopinol hydrochloride

Delmopinol interactions with cell walls of gram‐negative and gram‐positive oral bacteria

Anti‐plaque agents in the prevention of biofilm‐associated oral diseases

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