Microbiology for the Surgical Pathologist

Blue, Deborah E.; Allen, Stephen D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6043-6_6

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Cases of K. pneumoniae CAPs usually present with symptoms typical of acute pneumonias, including cough, fever, leukocytosis, and chest pain. These infections can also display the trademark K. pneumoniae characteristic of "currant jelly sputum," which is the production of thick blood-tinged mucous resulting from high levels of inflammation and necrosis in the lungs (67,68). Depending on the patient population, classical K. pneumoniae strains are the second or third most frequent cause of UTIs behind Escherichia coli, which causes the vast majority of UTIs (69)(70)(71).…”

Section: Infections Caused By K Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

Klebsiella pneumoniae: Going on the Offense with a Strong Defense

Paczosa

Mecsas

2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

1,293

1,345

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SUMMARYKlebsiella pneumoniaecauses a wide range of infections, including pneumonias, urinary tract infections, bacteremias, and liver abscesses. Historically,K. pneumoniaehas caused serious infection primarily in immunocompromised individuals, but the recent emergence and spread of hypervirulent strains have broadened the number of people susceptible to infections to include those who are healthy and immunosufficient. Furthermore,K. pneumoniaestrains have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, rendering infection by these strains very challenging to treat. The emergence of hypervirulent and antibiotic-resistant strains has driven a number of recent studies. Work has described the worldwide spread of one drug-resistant strain and a host defense axis, interleukin-17 (IL-17), that is important for controlling infection. Four factors, capsule, lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae, and siderophores, have been well studied and are important for virulence in at least one infection model. Several other factors have been less well characterized but are also important in at least one infection model. However, there is a significant amount of heterogeneity inK. pneumoniaestrains, and not every factor plays the same critical role in all virulentKlebsiellastrains. Recent studies have identified additionalK. pneumoniaevirulence factors and led to more insights about factors important for the growth of this pathogen at a variety of tissue sites. Many of these genes encode proteins that function in metabolism and the regulation of transcription. However, much work is left to be done in characterizing these newly discovered factors, understanding how infections differ between healthy and immunocompromised patients, and identifying attractive bacterial or host targets for treating these infections.

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