“…Perception of the impact of each disease varies among stakeholders. Many previous studies have reported prioritization frameworks consisting of criteria reflecting various aspects of human diseases, including IDs, zoonosis, or foodborne illnesses (Crotta et al., 2022; FAO, 2020; Stebler et al., 2015; WHO, 2017a). In this study, a framework was designed to logically process the subjective answers of experts and extract the objective key criteria among the factors considered in evaluating the relative importance of the PFPs (Table S5; Figure 2).…”
Frequent foodborne illnesses with unknown causative agents highlight the need to explore zoonotic potential foodborne pathogens (PFPs). An effective PFP prioritization tool is indispensable, especially after experiencing the recent pandemic caused by zoonotic SARS‐CoV‐2. Risk information on pathogens (excluding 30 known foodborne pathogens) provided by governmental and international organizations was reviewed to generate a list of PFPs. Risk‐ranking of PFPs was conducted based on a literature review of food poisoning or detection cases, and the ranks were determined with a decision tree. PFPs were prioritized by infectious disease (ID), veterinary medicine (VET), and food safety (FS) experts through a pre‐ and postpandemic Delphi survey, and key criteria in their decisions were illuminated. Among 339 PFPs, 32 rank‐1 PFPs were involved in the foodborne outbreak(s). Discrepancies in opinions on prioritization between experts in different fields deepened after the pandemic. Only VET and FS experts valued the plausibility of foodborne transmission in evaluating bacteria and viruses, and a significant correlation between their selection of PFPs was found (p < .05). The impact of the pandemic induced all fields to focus more on human transmission and severity/fatality in prioritizing viruses, and only FS experts emphasized the plausibility of foodborne transmission after the pandemic. In contrast to prioritizing bacteria or viruses, ID and VET experts are unusually focused on foodborne transmission when prioritizing parasites. Criteria of consensus deduced by interdisciplinary experts with different interests and the criteria directly related to foodborne transmission should be acknowledged for adequate PFP prioritization.
“…Perception of the impact of each disease varies among stakeholders. Many previous studies have reported prioritization frameworks consisting of criteria reflecting various aspects of human diseases, including IDs, zoonosis, or foodborne illnesses (Crotta et al., 2022; FAO, 2020; Stebler et al., 2015; WHO, 2017a). In this study, a framework was designed to logically process the subjective answers of experts and extract the objective key criteria among the factors considered in evaluating the relative importance of the PFPs (Table S5; Figure 2).…”
Frequent foodborne illnesses with unknown causative agents highlight the need to explore zoonotic potential foodborne pathogens (PFPs). An effective PFP prioritization tool is indispensable, especially after experiencing the recent pandemic caused by zoonotic SARS‐CoV‐2. Risk information on pathogens (excluding 30 known foodborne pathogens) provided by governmental and international organizations was reviewed to generate a list of PFPs. Risk‐ranking of PFPs was conducted based on a literature review of food poisoning or detection cases, and the ranks were determined with a decision tree. PFPs were prioritized by infectious disease (ID), veterinary medicine (VET), and food safety (FS) experts through a pre‐ and postpandemic Delphi survey, and key criteria in their decisions were illuminated. Among 339 PFPs, 32 rank‐1 PFPs were involved in the foodborne outbreak(s). Discrepancies in opinions on prioritization between experts in different fields deepened after the pandemic. Only VET and FS experts valued the plausibility of foodborne transmission in evaluating bacteria and viruses, and a significant correlation between their selection of PFPs was found (p < .05). The impact of the pandemic induced all fields to focus more on human transmission and severity/fatality in prioritizing viruses, and only FS experts emphasized the plausibility of foodborne transmission after the pandemic. In contrast to prioritizing bacteria or viruses, ID and VET experts are unusually focused on foodborne transmission when prioritizing parasites. Criteria of consensus deduced by interdisciplinary experts with different interests and the criteria directly related to foodborne transmission should be acknowledged for adequate PFP prioritization.
“…For public health, these bacteria are obligated to establish rapid and accurate identification. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) can be used to identify foodborne pathogens rapidly and sensitively (Crottaa et al, 2022). MALDI‐TOF‐MS is used as a fast, sensitive, and applicable method for the identification of pathogenic bacteria that cause diseases in ready‐to‐eat foods (Ramatla, Ngoma, & Mwanza, 2021; Teodoro, Carvalho, Queiroz, Levy, & Kabuki, 2022).…”
Foodborne diseases are important to determine bacteria in strain level, which are analyzed by library‐based devices and bioinformatics‐enabled. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of principal component analysis (PCA) with matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) to distinguish according to the differences of bacterial strains as rapidly screening of foodborne bacteria. The MALDI‐TOF‐MS‐based PCA analysis was used for differentiating bacterial strains isolated from ready‐to‐eat foods. According to the results of PCA analysis, the percentages of distance and proximity between species were evaluated by composite correlation indexes (CCI). Bacillus cereus were detected in burghul salad (BC1) and macaroni salad (BC2) taken from the SB2‐snack bar, and the similarity rate was determined as 97%. Three other B. cereus bacteria (BC3, BC4, and BC5) in the same cluster were also isolated from salads collected from SB4‐snack bar. The similarity of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria, which have the codes KP1 and KP2, isolated from macaroni salad and burghul salad taken from the SB2 snack bar respectively were 96%. Additionally, the CCI values of two E. coli strains in burghul (EC1) salad and Russian salad (EC2) in the same sampling point (SB1) were determined as 97%. In conclusion, this analysis with MALDI‐TOF‐MS based PCA has revealed the relationships between bacteria genera and species, beyond just the identification of bacteria and the rapid screening of bacteria in perishable foodstuffs. Similarities between bacterial strains identified for different samples from the same sampling point suggested that there were not adequate hygiene rules and storage requirements were not followed.
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