Microbiological Quality of River Sediments and Primary Prevention

Marcheggiani, Stefania; Mancini, Laura

doi:10.5772/23883

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Microbiological indicators, such as Escherichia coli and Enterococci , are widely used in the monitoring programs for regulatory control and in human health risk assessment [ 17 , 18 ]. These indicators may also point out the presence of other non-bacterial pathogens, such as enteric viruses and parasitic protozoa [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Emerging and Re-Emerging Pathogens in Surface Waters Close to an Urban Area

Marcheggiani

D’Ugo

Puccinelli

et al. 2015

IJERPH

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Current knowledge about the spread of pathogens in aquatic environments is scarce probably because bacteria, viruses, algae and their toxins tend to occur at low concentrations in water, making them very difficult to measure directly. The purpose of this study was the development and validation of tools to detect pathogens in freshwater systems close to an urban area. In order to evaluate anthropogenic impacts on water microbiological quality, a phylogenetic microarray was developed in the context of the EU project µAQUA to detect simultaneously numerous pathogens and applied to samples from two different locations close to an urban area located upstream and downstream of Rome in the Tiber River. Furthermore, human enteric viruses were also detected. Fifty liters of water were collected and concentrated using a hollow-fiber ultrafiltration approach. The resultant concentrate was further size-fractionated through a series of decreasing pore size filters. RNA was extracted from pooled filters and hybridized to the newly designed microarray to detect pathogenic bacteria, protozoa and toxic cyanobacteria. Diatoms as indicators of the water quality status, were also included in the microarray to evaluate water quality. The microarray results gave positive signals for bacteria, diatoms, cyanobacteria and protozoa. Cross validation of the microarray was performed using standard microbiological methods for the bacteria. The presence of oral-fecal transmitted human enteric-viruses were detected using q-PCR. Significant concentrations of Salmonella, Clostridium, Campylobacter and Staphylococcus as well as Hepatitis E Virus (HEV), noroviruses GI (NoGGI) and GII (NoGII) and human adenovirus 41 (ADV 41) were found in the Mezzocammino site, whereas lower concentrations of other bacteria and only the ADV41 virus was recovered at the Castel Giubileo site. This study revealed that the pollution level in the Tiber River was considerably higher downstream rather than upstream of Rome and the downstream location was contaminated by emerging and re-emerging pathogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Emerging and Re-Emerging Pathogens in Surface Waters Close to an Urban Area

Marcheggiani

D’Ugo

Puccinelli

et al. 2015

IJERPH

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“…Sediments play an important role in the assessment of the condition of water systems [1][2][3][4][5]. Sediments consist of particles of different sizes that can be transported by a fluid stream and that precipitate as a layer of solid particles over the bed or the bottom of water basins [6]. The upper layers of the sediments in lake and river ecosystems have a higher content of organic compounds, which is a precondition for the presence of a large number of microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanodiamonds in Modelled Bioremediation of Phenol Pollution in River Sediments

et al. 2022

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The pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a big problem that has its impact on river sediments. In recent decades, an effective solution to this problem has been the application of bioremediation technologies. Nanoremediation is an innovative part of these technologies. We still know little about the efficiency of nanoparticles, especially nanodiamonds, in modelled conditions. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of nanodiamonds on the key parameters of modelled bioremediation of river sediments that are polluted with phenol, as well their effect on the structures and functions of microbial communities. An important indicative mechanism that was used is the application of fluorescent in situ hybridization for sediment microbial communities. The results of this study revealed the positive role of nanodiamonds that is associated with their intoxication with high concentrations of phenol. Readaptation was also found, in which the xenobiotic biodegradation potential evolved by increasing the relative proportions of non-culturable bacteria, namely Acinetobacter (at the 144th hour) and Pseudomonas (at the 214th hour). The results can help to find an effective solution to the question of how information from such precise molecular methods and the application of nanodiamonds can be translated into the accessible language of management and bioremediation technologies.

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Anthropogenic activities drive the microbial community and its function in urban river sediment

Zhang

Long

et al. 2015

J Soils Sediments

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Microbiological Quality of River Sediments and Primary Prevention

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Detection of Emerging and Re-Emerging Pathogens in Surface Waters Close to an Urban Area

Detection of Emerging and Re-Emerging Pathogens in Surface Waters Close to an Urban Area

Application of Nanodiamonds in Modelled Bioremediation of Phenol Pollution in River Sediments

Anthropogenic activities drive the microbial community and its function in urban river sediment

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