Microbiological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of empyema thoracis in Calabar, Nigeria

Nwagboso, Chimaobi; Ekeng, Bassey E.; Etiuma, Anietimfon U.; Ochang, Ernest Afu; Eze, John Nkemakolam; Echieh, Chidiebere Peter

doi:10.1177/00494755211032844

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Furthermore, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) contributes 10 to 30% prevalence and its prevalence even increased among hospitalized patients (25–30%), of which 15% of the infection rate is caused by post-operative procedures ( 4 , 14 , 15 ). This disease is significantly associated with a high level of mortality (90%) ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gram-negative flora is the major cause of SBP and mortality rates reach up to 10 to 46% ( 16 ). Moreover, bacterial-related pleural infection has increased from 7.6 to 14.9% globally with a 20% mortality rate ( 15 , 17 ). Also, Septic arthritis is a serious orthopedic issue and the incidence of septic arthritis of native joints has been reported to be around two cases per 100,000 people per year ( 18 , 19 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors among patients suspected sterile body site infections at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Admas,

Demeke,

Adugna

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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BackgroundSterile body locations are usually associated with clinical urgency and life-threatening illnesses, and they are typically contaminated with diverse bacterial etiologies. If the bacteria acquire resistance to antimicrobial drugs, the public health crisis will only worsen. In developing countries, drug-resistant bacteria are common because of poor surveillance, diagnostic capacity, and control measures. Early diagnosis, and assessing the drug resistance and factors associated with infection are important to combat the drug resistance and treatment. This study aimed to assess the bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and possible associated factors among patients suspected of sterile body sites.MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2022 at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. One hundred seven study participants were selected using consecutive convenient sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Gram stain was done for a preliminary report and inoculated into blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar and incubated aerobically and micro aerobically at 37°C for 24 h. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by the modified Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used. A p-value less than 0.05 is considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe overall magnitude of sterile body site infection among study participants was 7.5% (14/187). The majority of the isolates were Gram-negative bacteria with the predominant species Enterobacter cloacae accounting for 28.57% (4/14). Among isolates 78.57%(11/14) of them were multidrug-resistant isolates. Being inpatient, co-morbidity, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with sterile body site infection.ConclusionIn our study, Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant bacteria that infects sterile body fluid. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance bacteria isolates was significantly high. Therefore, before prescribing an empirical treatment, a medical professional should identify the bacterial etiology of sterile body fluids and the susceptibility of microbes to the drug.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors among patients suspected sterile body site infections at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Admas,

Demeke,

Adugna

et al. 2024

Front. Med.

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Empyema necessitans in a pediatric patient: A case study

Shieba,

Ramadan

2023

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

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Pleural Infections: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates and Associated Factors in Suspected Hospitalized Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

Alelign¹,

Ameya²,

Siraj³

et al. 2022

TOMICROJ

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Background: Pleural infection remains a clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality all over the world. Antimicrobial options are uncertain due to the lack of understanding of the bacteriology of pleural infection. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine bacteriological profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and factors associated with pleural infection. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Arba Minch General Hospital from 1st January to 30th November 2020. Socio-demographic, clinical, and behavioral data were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Adducted amounts of pleural fluid samples were collected aseptically with sterile test tubes. Standard procedures were utilized for bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby–Disk Bauer's diffusion method. Version 25 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 152 hospitalized patients were enrolled in this study. The overall magnitude of bacterial pleural infection was 27.6%. The predominant bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus with 34.9%, followed by Escherichia coli with 11.6%. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates account for around 48.8% of all isolates, with Gram-positive bacterial isolates accounting for 71.4%. Methicillin-resistant was found in 26.7% and 33.3% of isolated Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), respectively. One isolate of Enterococcus spp. was found to be vancomycin-resistant. All isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes were susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, cotrimoxazole, and vancomycin. Likewise, isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa was susceptible to piperacillin. The pleural infection showed a statistically significant association with age group less than or equal to 25 years old (p<0.001), hospital admission for more than seven days (p<0.007), chest tube drainage (p<0.021), previous history of pneumonia (p<0.029) and habit of alcohol drinking (p<0.029). Conclusion: The overall rate of culture-confirmed pleural infection was high, and a considerable percentage of bacteria isolates showed increased resistant to routinely used antibiotics, indicating that more attention is needed to follow the spread and emergence of drug-resistant bacterial agents.

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Microbiological profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of empyema thoracis in Calabar, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors among patients suspected sterile body site infections at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Bacterial etiologies, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors among patients suspected sterile body site infections at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Empyema necessitans in a pediatric patient: A case study

Pleural Infections: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates and Associated Factors in Suspected Hospitalized Patients at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

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