Microbial Similarity and Preference for Specific Sites in Healthy Oral Cavity and Esophagus

Li, Dong; Yin, Jian; Zhao, Jing; Ma, Shanrui; Wang, Hairui; Wang, Meng; Chen, Wen; Wei, Wenqiang

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01603

Cited by 59 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The colon has the largest microbiota in the body[20], whereas the esophagus has far fewer microbes. Although bacterial communities have been observed with high inter- and intra-individual variations, an overlapping community has been identified between sites[27,28]. Previous studies[20,29-31] have suggested that Firmicutes ( Clostridium , Ruminococcus , Eubacterium , Peptostreptococcus , Peptococcus , Lactobacillus-L ), Bacteroidetes , Proteobacteria ( Enterobacteriaceae ) and Actinobacteria ( Bifidobacterium-BF ) phyla constitute the majority of the human gut microbiota.…”

Section: Esophageal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of the microbiota located in the normal esophagus is relatively conserved, and the estimated resident microbes are mainly composed of more than 100 species, most of which have already been identified[32,33]. The dominant microbes that colonize the normal esophagus are Streptococcus [32,33], and Dong L et al[28] reported that no distinct microbial preference exists in the upper, middle and lower esophagus. However, the microbiota varies in different esophageal diseases compared to the healthy esophagus[34].…”

Section: Esophageal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alteration of the esophageal microbiota in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma

Guo

Liu

et al. 2019

WJG

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The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased in recent decades, and its 5-year survival rate is less than 20%. As a well-established precursor, patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) have a persistent risk of progression to EAC. Many researchers have already identified some factors that may contribute to the development of BE and EAC, and the identified risks include gastroesophageal reflux (GER), male sex, older age, central obesity, tobacco smoking, Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) eradication, and the administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antibiotics. The human gut harbors trillions of microorganisms, the majority of which are bacteria. These microorganisms benefit the human host in many ways, such as helping in digestion, assisting in the synthesis of certain vitamins, promoting the development of the gastrointestinal immune system, regulating metabolism and preventing invasion by specific pathogens. In contrast, microbial dysbiosis may play important roles in various diseases, such as inflammation and cancers. The composition of the microbiota located in the normal esophagus is relatively conserved without distinct microbial preferences in the upper, middle and lower esophagus. Six major phyla constitute the esophageal microbiota, including Firmicutes , Bacteroides , Actinobacteria , Proteobacteria , Fusobacteria and TM7 , similar to the oral microbiota. Streptococcus dominates the esophageal microbiota. However, the microbiota varies in different esophageal diseases compared to that in the healthy esophagus. The type I microbiota, which is primarily composed of gram-positive bacteria, is closely associated with the normal esophagus, while type II microbiota has enriched gram-negative bacteria and is mainly associated with the abnormal esophagus. These increased gram-negative anaerobes/microaerophiles include Veillonella , Prevotella , Haemophilus , Neisseria , Granulicatella and Fusobacterium , many of which are associated with BE. The microbial diversity in the esophagus is decreased in EAC patients, and Lactobacillus fermentum is enriched compared to that in controls and BE patients. Furthermore, the microbiota may be associated with BE and EAC by interacting with their risk factors, including central obesity, GER, H. pylori , administration of PPIs and antibiotics. Therefore, a large gap in research must be bridged to elucidate the associations among these factors. Some studies have already proposed several potential mechanisms by which the microbiota participates in human carcinogenesis by complicated interactions with the human host immune system and signaling pathways. The activa...

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Section: Esophageal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Esophageal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of the esophageal microbiota in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma

Guo

Liu

et al. 2019

WJG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Li [28] and their colleagues found that the normal esophagus ora is similar to the oral cavity ora. Firmicutes is the most abundant phyla, and no speci c ora exists in different parts of the esophagus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characteristics of Esophagus Flora in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Central China

He¹,

Liu²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Microecology may be involved in tumorigenesis and development through the introduction of chronic inflammation and may be related to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was to observe the characteristics of ESCC flora and to preliminarily analyze the key genera in ESCC. A total of 72 ESCC patients and 20 healthy individuals esophageal tissue samples, genomic DNA was extracted, PCR was performed on the bacterial 16SrRNA gene sequence V4 hypervariable region, and bacterial characteristics were analyzed by IlluminMiSeq sequencing. The esophageal flora abundance of ESCC patients (Alpha diversity: Shannon index, P = 0.5088; Simpson index, P = 0.5894; Chao1 index, P = 0.0029) and variability (Beta diversity: PC1 16.62%, P PC1 = 0.0034, P PC2 =8.5e-08) were significantly higher than HC tissue. The five most abundant phylum in ESCC group were Firmicutes, Bacteroidietes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria, while the HC group were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidietes, Fusobacteria and Actinobacteria. The top five genus in the ESCC group were Streptococcus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, Neisseria and Veillonella; while the top five genus in the HC group were Streptococcus, Neisseria, Veillonella, Prevotella and Haemophilus. The ESCC group has advantages over HC in Aerobic、Anaerobic、Contains-Mobile-Elements、Facultatively-Anaerobic、Forms-Biofilms、Potentially-pathogenic、Stress-Tolerant, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The esophageal microbial community structure of ESCC patients is different from that of HC, suggesting that the corresponding changes in esophageal microflora have a certain correlation with ESCC. It indicates that the detection of esophageal microorganisms has potential as a means of early diagnosis or screening of future ESCC.

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“…Neisseria spp. are among the most abundant taxa in the oral cavity [39]. A predominance of Neisseria spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in the bacterial community of supragingival plaque related to metabolic associated fatty liver disease

Zhao

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), also known as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic disorders, has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. The associations between some oral resident microbes and MAFLD have been described. However, changes to the oral microbial community in patients with MAFLD remain unknown. Methods In this study, variations to the supragingival microbiota of MAFLD patients were identified. The microbial genetic profile of supragingival plaque samples from 24 MAFLD patients and 22 healthy participants were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Clinical variables, including indicators of insulin resistance, obesity, blood lipids, and hepatocellular damage, were evaluated with laboratory tests and physical examinations. Results The results showed that the diversity of the supragingival microbiota in MAFLD patients was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinates analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the samples from the MAFLD and control groups formed separate clusters (Adonis, P = 0.0120). There were 27 taxa with differential distributions (linear discriminant analysis, LDA༞2.0) between two groups, among which Actinomyces and Prevotella 2 spp. were over-represented in the MAFLD group with highest LDA score, while Neisseria and Bergeyella spp. were more abundant in the control group. Co-occurrence networks of the top 50 abundant genera in the two groups suggested that the inter-genera relationships were also altered in the supragingival plaque of MAFLD patients. In addition, as risk factors for the development of MAFLD, insulin resistance was positively correlated with the abundances of Granulicatella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Scardovia spp., while obesity was positively correlated to the abundances of Streptococcus, Oslenella, Scardovia, and Selenomonas spp. Metagenomic predictions based on Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States revealed that pathways related to sugar (mainly free sugar) metabolism were enriched in the supragingival plaque of the MAFLD group. Conclusions In conclusion, as compared to healthy individuals, component and interactional dysbioses were observed in the supragingival microbiota of the MAFLD group, which could be further explored as potential oral biomarkers of the MAFLD.

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Microbial Similarity and Preference for Specific Sites in Healthy Oral Cavity and Esophagus

Cited by 59 publications

References 52 publications

Alteration of the esophageal microbiota in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma

Alteration of the esophageal microbiota in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma

Characteristics of Esophagus Flora in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Central China

Shifts in the bacterial community of supragingival plaque related to metabolic associated fatty liver disease

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