Microbial responses to large concentrations of herbicides in soil

Dzantor, E. Kudjo; Felsot, Allan S.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620100511

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…improper disposal of empty containers, and mishandling and spills of highly concentrated pesticides may adversely affect microbial populations and inhibit microbial activity [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and persistence of metolachlor in soil: Effects of concentration, soil moisture, soil depth, and sterilization

Rice

Anderson

Coats

2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study evaluated the influence of soil depth, soil moisture, and concentration on the persistence and degradation of metolachlor in soil. Greater percentages of metolachlor persisted in subsurface soils than in surface soil regardless of the soil moisture or initial herbicide concentration. Larger quantities of bound residues and extractable degradation products were found in the surface soils as a result of the increased soil sorption and biodegradation of metolachlor associated with the surface soil, which had more organic matter. Saturated soil favored the dissipation of metolachlor and the formation of soil-bound residues. Significantly greater quantities of a dechlorinated metabolite were measured in the saturated surface soil compared to the unsaturated soil. Mineralization of metolachlor to CO2 and volatilization of metolachlor or metolachlor degradates was minimal in surface and subsurface soils at both soil moistures and herbicide concentrations. Increased metolachlor concentrations did not inhibit microbial activity; however, the greater rate of application did result in the reduced percentage of applied [14C]metolachlor that was bound to surface or subsurface soil. A significant reduction in the quantity of extractable metolachlor degradates and unextractable soil-bound residues in sterile soil revealed the significance of biodegradation to the dissipation of metolachlor in soil.

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“…improper disposal of empty containers, and mishandling and spills of highly concentrated pesticides may adversely affect microbial populations and inhibit microbial activity [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and persistence of metolachlor in soil: Effects of concentration, soil moisture, soil depth, and sterilization

Rice

Anderson

Coats

2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Few studies have focused on the interactive effects of multiple herbicides at high concentrations (>100 mg kg -1 soil) on microorganisms and herbicide persistence. Herbicides can also be toxic to the microbial populations in soil contaminated with high levels of pesticides (Dzantor and Felsot 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic amendments to enhance herbicide biodegradation in contaminated soils

Moorman¹,

Cowan

Arthur

et al. 2001

Biology and Fertility of Soils

109

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Pesticide contamination of soil and groundwater at agricultural chemical distribution sites is a widespread problem in the USA. Alternatives to land-farming or solid waste disposal include biostimulation and phytoremediation. This research investigated the ability of compost, corn stalks, corn fermentation byproduct, peat, manure, and sawdust at rates of 0.5% and 5% (w/w) to stimulate biodegradation of atrazine [6-chloro-Nethyl-N′-(1-methyethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine], metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], and trifluralin [2,benzenamine] added as a mixture to soil. Initial concentrations were 175±42 mg atrazine kg-1 soil, 182±25 mg metolachlor kg-1 soil, and 165±23 mg trifluralin kg-1soil. After amendment addition, 30% of the atrazine, 33% of the metolachlor, and 44% of the trifluralin was degraded over 245 days, which included 63 days' aging prior to amendment additions. Atrazine degradation was enhanced by 0.5% manure, 5% peat, and 5% cornstalk amendments compared to nonamended soils. Metolachlor degradation was enhanced by all amendments at the 5% level, except for compost and peat. Amendments had no effect on trifluralin degradation. The 5% addition of compost, manure, and cornstalks resulted in significant increases in bacterial populations and dehydrogenase activity. A second experiment compared the persistence of atrazine, metolachlor, and trifluralin applied in a mixture to their persistence in soil individually. A combined average of 123 mg atrazine kg-1 remained in soil treated with the three-herbicide mixture compared to 31 mg atrazine kg-1 remaining in soil treated with atrazine only. Atrazine mineralization and atrazine-degrading microorganisms were suppressed by high concentrations of metolachlor, but not by trifluralin. Abstract Pesticide contamination of soil and groundwater at agricultural chemical distribution sites is a widespread problem in the USA. Alternatives to land-farming or solid waste disposal include biostimulation and phytoremediation. This research investigated the ability of compost, corn stalks, corn fermentation byproduct, peat, manure, and sawdust at rates of 0.5% and 5% (w/w) to stimulate biodegradation of atrazine [6-chloro-N-ethyl, and trifluralin [2,6-dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine] added as a mixture to soil. Initial concentrations were 175±42 mg atrazine kg -1 soil, 182±25 mg metolachlor kg -1 soil, and 165±23 mg trifluralin kg -1 soil. After amendment addition, 30% of the atrazine, 33% of the metolachlor, and 44% of the trifluralin was degraded over 245 days, which included 63 days' aging prior to amendment additions. Atrazine degradation was enhanced by 0.5% manure, 5% peat, and 5% cornstalk amendments compared to nonamended soils. Metolachlor degradation was enhanced by all amendments at the 5% level, except for compost and peat. Amendments had no effect on trifluralin degradation. The 5% addition of compost, manure, and cornstalks resulted in significant increases in bacterial popula...

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“…Simulated spills initially inhibited bacteria, but after 7 days, bacterial numbers had recovered to levels similar to those in untreated controls. Fungal populations were drastically reduced after 1 day and became undetectable after 7 and 21 days of incubation in the mixed herbicide and alachlor-only treatments, respectively (Dzantor and Felsot, 1991) The number of fungal colonies in the saflufenacilherbicide-treated soil decreased throughout the study, and a statistically significant difference occurred between the treated and control groups at 30 and 60 DAA ( Table Table 3. Number of fungal colony-forming units (CFU) detected with Martin's culture medium for saflufenacil-and indaziflam-treated soil samples at different days after application (DAA).…”

Section: Effects Of the Herbicides Saflufenacil And Indaziflam On Soimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Results indicated that the herbicidal treatments at the level tested were not drastic enough to be considered deleterious to soil microbial and enzymatic activities which are important to soil fertility. Dzantor and Felsot (1991) reported the effects of simulated spills of alachlor alone or as a mixture with atrazine, metolachlor, and trifluralin on microbial activity. Simulated spills initially inhibited bacteria, but after 7 days, bacterial numbers had recovered to levels similar to those in untreated controls.…”

Section: Effects Of the Herbicides Saflufenacil And Indaziflam On Soimentioning

confidence: 99%

Saflufenacil and indaziflam herbicide effects on agricultural crops and microorganisms

Torres¹,

Meneghin²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The herbicides saflufenacil and indaziflam have recently been registered in Brazil for weed control in sugarcane crops; however, little information exists regarding their residual effects or influences on soil microorganisms. Therefore, the present study aimed: (a) to determine the effects of saflufenacil and indaziflam on soil microorganisms and (b) to evaluate the residual and dose effects of these herbicides on soybean, sunflower, sunn hemp and peanut crops. The herbicides indaziflam (100 g a.i. ha

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Microbial responses to large concentrations of herbicides in soil

Cited by 41 publications

References 28 publications

Degradation and persistence of metolachlor in soil: Effects of concentration, soil moisture, soil depth, and sterilization

Degradation and persistence of metolachlor in soil: Effects of concentration, soil moisture, soil depth, and sterilization

Organic amendments to enhance herbicide biodegradation in contaminated soils

Saflufenacil and indaziflam herbicide effects on agricultural crops and microorganisms

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