Microbial regulation of the L cell transcriptome

Arora, Tulika; Akrami, Rozita; Pais, Ramona; Bergqvist, Linda; Johansson, Bengt R.; Schwartz, Thue W.; Reimann, Frank; Gribble, Fiona M.; Bäckhed, Fredrik

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-18079-2

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Interestingly, in our study, bacterial depletion alone resulted in a moderate up-regulation of Cck, Gcg, and Nts expression in the cecum independently of the genotype. This confirms the previous studies focusing on the regulation of Gcg expression (20,21) and raises a possibility that there are bacterial metabolites that can exert a repressive effect on the expression of a number of peptides including Cck. In the cecum, this effect may interfere with our ability to detect a potentially complete reversal of the fructose malabsorption-induced Cck expression by AB treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…On the other hand, the drastic changes in gut microbiota composition in KHK-F mice and the effect of AB treatment suggest that the microbiota, and more likely the compounds originating from the bacterial metabolism of fructose, are involved in the EEC response to fructose malabsorption. Several studies have showed that changes in the intestinal ecosystem can affect L-cell density and function (48,49), and more specifically, the lack of bacteria was associated with an increase in L-cell density and Gcg expression levels (20,21). Interestingly, in our study, bacterial depletion alone resulted in a moderate up-regulation of Cck, Gcg, and Nts expression in the cecum independently of the genotype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Interestingly, the transfer of short bowel syndrome patient microbiota into germ-free rats increased the density of GLP-1-positive cells in the colon of recipient animals when compared with rats colonized with conventional microbiota, emphasizing the role of the intestinal ecosystem in intestinal EEC proliferation and differentiation (18). Numerous studies have highlighted the ability of microbiotaderived products to regulate Gcg expression, GLP-1 or PYY secretion, or L-cell (EECs secreting GLP-1 and PYY) transcriptional activities (19)(20)(21). However, although it is now well established that most of the EECs secrete more than 1 peptide (22), the ability of the microbiota to modulate specifically the panel of secreted hormones in individual EECs remains unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism

et al. 2019

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Current fructose consumption levels often overwhelm the intestinal capacity to absorb fructose. We investigated the impact of fructose malabsorption on intestinal endocrine function and addressed the role of the microbiota in this process. To answer this question, a mouse model of moderate fructose malabsorption [ketohexokinase mutant (KHK)−/−] and wild‐type (WT) littermate mice were used and received a 20%‐fructose (KHK‐F and WT‐F) or 20%‐glucose diet. Cholecystokinin (Cck) mRNA and protein expression in the ileum and cecum, as well as preproglucagon (Gcg) and neurotensin (Nts) mRNA expression in the cecum, increased in KHK‐F mice. In KHK‐F mice, triple‐label immunohistochemistry showed major up‐regulation of CCK in enteroendocrine cells (EECs) that were glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1)+/Peptide YY (PYY−) in the ileum and colon and GLP‐1−/PYY− in the cecum. The cecal microbiota composition was drastically modified in the KHK‐F in association with an increase in glucose, propionate, succinate, and lactate concentrations. Antibiotic treatment abolished fructose malabsorption‐dependent induction of cecal Cck mRNA expression and, in mouse GLUTag and human NCI‐H716 cells, Cck mRNA expression levels increased in response to propionate, both suggesting a microbiota‐dependent process. Fructose reaching the lower intestine can modify the composition and metabolism of the microbiota, thereby stimulating the production of CCK from the EECs possibly in response to propionate.—Zhang, X., Grosfeld, A., Williams, E., Vasiliauskas, D., Barretto, S., Smith, L., Mariadassou, M., Philippe, C., Devime, F., Melchior, C., Gourcerol, G., Dourmap, N., Lapaque, N., Larraufie, P., Blottière, H. M., Herberden, C., Gerard, P., Rehfeld, J. F., Ferraris, R. P., Fritton, J. C., Ellero‐Simatos, S., Douard, V. Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism. FASEB J. 33, 7126–7142 (2019). http://www.fasebj.org

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

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confidence: 99%

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Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism

et al. 2019

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“…While the colonic expression of preproglucagon and PYY mRNA remained unaltered by HFD, the expression of both hormones was enhanced by antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion. This change needs to be seen in relation with the ability of the intestinal microbiota to regulate the transcriptome of L-cells including that for preproglucagon and PYY [16,44]. Like preproglucagon expression in the colon, plasma GLP-1 was enhanced by ABT in a diet-independent manner, which speaks against a mediator role of GLP-1 in HFD-induced anhedonia-like behavior.…”

Section: Antibiotic-induced Microbiota Depletion Had Distinct Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anhedonia induced by high-fat diet in mice depends on gut microbiota and leptin

Hassan

Mancano

Kashofer

et al. 2020

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Objectives: Imbalanced nutrition and obesity are risk factors for depression, a relationship that in rodents can be modeled by depression-like behavior in response to high-fat diet (HFD). In this work, we examined the role of the intestinal microbiota and the adipocytokine leptin as potential mediators of the effects of HFD to induce anhedonia-like behavior and reduce self-care in mice. Methods: Male mice were fed a control diet or HFD (60 kJ% from fat) for a period of 4 weeks, after which behavioral tests and molecular analyses (gut microbiome composition, intestinal metabolome, fecal fatty acids, plasma hormone levels) were performed. The role of the intestinal microbiota was addressed by selective depletion of gut bacteria with a combination of non-absorbable antibiotics, while the implication of leptin was examined by the use of leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Results: Antibiotic treatment reduced the HFD-induced weight gain and adiposity and prevented HFD-induced anhedonia-like behavior and self-care reduction. These effects were associated with a decrease in fecal fatty acids and intestinal microbiota-related metabolites including short-chain fatty acids, glucose and amino acids. Gut microbiota depletion suppressed the HFD-induced rise of plasma leptin, and the circulating leptin levels correlated with the anhedonia-like behavior and reduced selfcare caused by HFD. The anhedonic effect of HFD was absent in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice although these animals gained more weight and adiposity in response to HFD than wild-type mice. Discussion: The results indicate that anhedonia-like behavior induced by HFD in mice depends on the intestinal microbiome and involves leptin as a signaling hormone.

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“…In this work, we take advantage of velocity selection process at the nanoscale to remove this obstacle and demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally efficient hyperfine optical pumping on the reflected evanescent field signal within a cross beam pump-probe scheme. A right angle prism integrated with a vapor cell has been used to support evanescent wave under total internal reflection scheme in the vapor [21]. Optical pumping is observed in the selective reflection signal when the propagating pump and evanescent probe beams are orthogonal to each other.…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficient optical pumping of alkaline atoms for evanescent fields at dielectric-vapor interfaces

et al. 2019

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We experimentally demonstrate hyperfine optical pumping of rubidium atoms probed by an evanescent electromagnetic field at a dielectric-vapor interface. This light-atom interaction at the nanoscale is investigated using a right angle prism integrated with a vapor cell and excited by evanescent wave under total internal reflection. An efficient hyperfine optical pumping, leading to a complete suppression of absorption on the probed evanescent signal, is observed when a pump laser beam is sent at normal incidence to the interface. In contrast, when the pump and probe beams are co-propagating in the integrated prismvapor cell, no clear evidence of optical pumping is observed. The experimental results are supported by a detailed model based on optical Bloch equation of a four atomic levels structure. The obtained on-chip highly efficient optical pumping at the nanoscale is regarded as an important step in the quest for applications such as optical switching, magnetometry and quantum memory. Introduction:The reflected signal from a dielectric-vapor interface exhibits resonant behavior around the resonance line of the atoms [1]. As light is mainly reflected from a thin atomic layer of subwavelength thickness, this method is sensitive to atom-surface interactions [2,3]. Moreover, only atoms flying within this layer will contribute to the reflected signal, whereas atoms with velocity component normal to the interface rapidly leave the interacting zone. This peculiarity leads to a selective reflection effect both for total internal reflection and normal incidence schemes [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Light-atoms interactions at the nanoscale with evanescent wave has led to numerous applications such as atomic mirror, magnetometer, optical modulation, optical switching and other nonlinear effects were demonstrated [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].Achieving high contrast hyperfine optical pumping with hot vapors is a challenging task due to the Doppler broadening effect. If the pump and probe beams are co/counter propagating, optical pumping is achieved only for a pre-selected atomic velocity class in resonance with the pump laser beam [20]. Thus, other atomic

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Microbial regulation of the L cell transcriptome

Cited by 57 publications

References 31 publications

Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism

Fructose malabsorption induces cholecystokinin expression in the ileum and cecum by changing microbiota composition and metabolism

Anhedonia induced by high-fat diet in mice depends on gut microbiota and leptin

Efficient optical pumping of alkaline atoms for evanescent fields at dielectric-vapor interfaces

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