Microbial Regulation of Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance

Crommen, Silke; Simon, Marie‐Christine

doi:10.3390/genes9010010

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…In contrast to our findings, probiotic supplementation to postmenopausal women did not enhance testosterone and SHBG levels [ 38 ]. The speculated mechanisms by which probiotic may improve hormonal profiles result from the balance of intestinal microbiota, enhancement of digestion and absorption of dietary nutrients [ 20 ], increasing insulin sensitivity [ 39 ], and interaction with the gut-brain axis [ 40 ]. In addition, induced oxidative stress involves in the development of hyperandrogenoism in PCOS [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the co-administration of probiotic and selenium on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS. Data on the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health, hormonal and inflammatory parameters of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are scarce. This investigation was carried out to evaluate the effects of selenium and probiotic co-supplementation on mental health, hormonal and inflammatory parameters in women with PCOS.MethodsThis randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 subjects, aged 18–40 years old. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to intake 8 × 109 CFU/day probiotic plus 200 μg/day selenium supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Hormonal and inflammatory parameters were measured at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.ResultsProbiotic and selenium co-supplementation resulted in a significant improvement in beck depression inventory (β − 0.76; 95% CI, − 1.26, − 0.26; P = 0.003), general health questionnaire scores (β − 1.15; 95% CI, − 1.97, − 0.32; P = 0.007) and depression anxiety and stress scale scores (β − 1.49; 95% CI, − 2.59, − 0.39; P = 0.009) compared with the placebo. Furthermore, probiotic and selenium co-supplementation significantly reduced total testosterone (β − 0.26 ng/mL; 95% CI, − 0.51, − 0.02; P = 0.03), hirsutism (β − 0.43; 95% CI, − 0.74, − 0.11; P = 0.008), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β − 0.58 mg/L; 95% CI, − 0.97, − 0.19; P = 0.004) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β − 0.29 μmol/L; 95% CI, − 0.56, − 0.02; P = 0.03), and significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (β + 84.76 mmol/L; 95% CI, + 48.08, + 121.44; P < 0.001) and total glutathione (GSH) levels (β + 26.78 μmol/L; 95% CI, + 4.33, + 49.23; P = 0.02) compared with the placebo.ConclusionsOverall, the co-administration of probiotic and selenium for 12 weeks to women with PCOS had beneficial effects on mental health parameters, serum total testosterone, hirsutism, hs-CRP, TAC, GSH and MDA levels.This study was prospectively registered in the Iranian website (www.irct.ir) for registration of clinical trials (http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20170513033941N22).Trial registrationIRCT20170513033941N22.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

et al. 2018

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“…Pre-and pro-biotics and synbiotics are relatively inexpensive alternatives to conventional CVD medications, with fewer side effects (732). Mechanisms by which pre-and pro-bioticmediated changes in the gut microbiota may improve adipose function are still emerging, but may include the promotion of an anti-inflammatory milieu (including reducing intestinal permeability to decrease circulating endotoxins), enhancing fat oxidation, recruitment of beige adipocytes, increased energy expenditure, and improved lipoprotein profile, which collectively could improve insulin sensitivity and reduce ectopic fat to combat T2DM and CVD (733)(734)(735)(736)(737)(738)(739). While it is generally accepted that particular pre-and pro-biotics reduce diet-induced weight and adiposity gain in animal models (736,(740)(741)(742)(743), human intervention studies to date showing efficacy of probiotic treatment are still emerging (744,745), warranting further study (746).…”

Section: Probiotics Prebiotics and Synbioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Chait¹,

Hartigh²

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

801

658

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Adipose tissue plays essential roles in maintaining lipid and glucose homeostasis. To date several types of adipose tissue have been identified, namely white, brown, and beige, that reside in various specific anatomical locations throughout the body. The cellular composition, secretome, and location of these adipose depots define their function in health and metabolic disease. In obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, promoting a pro-inflammatory, hyperlipidemic and insulin resistant environment that contributes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concurrently, similar features that result from adipose tissue dysfunction also promote cardiovascular disease (CVD) by mechanisms that can be augmented by T2DM. The mechanisms by which dysfunctional adipose tissue simultaneously promote T2DM and CVD, focusing on adipose tissue depot-specific adipokines, inflammatory profiles, and metabolism, will be the focus of this review. The impact that various T2DM and CVD treatment strategies have on adipose tissue function and body weight also will be discussed.

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“…There is mounting evidence that the intestinal microbiota may have an impact on both type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity through alterations of metabolic processes in glucose and fatty acid metabolism pathways [ 1 – 4 ]. This impact is not only attributed to the composition of the intestinal microbiota, but also to a change in the bacterial diversity within the gut [ 3 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity alters composition and diversity of the oral microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus independently of glycemic control

et al. 2018

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Background and objectiveThe involvement of the oral microbiota as a possible link between periodontitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity is still not well understood. The objective of the study was to investigate if glycemic control and obesity play a role in modulating the composition and diversity of the oral microbial ecology.Material and methodsA cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 18) was recruited. Participants demonstrating improved glycemic control after 3 months (n = 6) were included in a second examination. A full mouth examination was performed to estimate periodontitis severity followed by sample collection (subgingival plaque and saliva). Generation of large sequence libraries was performed using the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform.ResultsThe majority of participants (94.4%, n = 17) presented with moderate or severe forms of periodontitis. Differences in microbial composition and diversity between obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) groups were statistically significant. Cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches failed to reveal statistically significant associations between HbA1c level and species composition or diversity.ConclusionsObesity was significantly associated with the oral microbial composition. The impact of glycemic control on oral microbiota, however, could not be assured statistically.

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Microbial Regulation of Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance

Cited by 41 publications

References 145 publications

The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

The effects of probiotic and selenium co-supplementation on parameters of mental health, hormonal profiles, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Obesity alters composition and diversity of the oral microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus independently of glycemic control

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