Microbial Reduction of Phorate Sulfoxide to Phorate in a Soil-Lake Mud-Water Microcosm1

Walter-Echols, Gerd; Lichtenstein, E. P.

doi:10.1093/jee/70.4.505

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is interesting to compare these results with a study on the reduction of phorate sulfoxide to phorate in soillake sediment microcosms (Walter-Echols and Lichtenstein, 1977). These investigators fpund that only small amounts of phorate were produced in flooded loam soil treated with phorate sulfoxide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As a result of anaerobic microbial action, many soils, sediments, and natural waters have highly reducing environments which can transform organic chemicals such as pesticides (Alexander, 1981). Walter-Echols and Lichtenstein (1977) reported that phorate sulfoxide was reduced to its phorate precursor in lake sediment microcosms. Since AS has two oxidation products, we hypothesized that ASO and AS02 might be similarly reduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This observation suggests that addition of limestone promotes the reduction reaction and this could be due to microbes on the limestone. Although we autoclaved the limestone for 30 min at 250 °C, even more extensive autoclaving of soils and sediments is often necessary to achieve sterile conditions (Walter- Echols and Lichtenstein, 1977).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fate of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in Floridan groundwater

Miles¹,

Delfino²

1985

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fate of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in Floridan groundwater microcosms was determined. One reaction mechanism observed was base hydrolysis and degradation rates decreased in the order sulfone > sulfoxide » aldicarb. Appearance of oximes followed the disappearance of corresponding parent compounds while appearance of nitriles was minor and rarely observed. Microcosms amended with crushed limestone showed rates of hydrolysis that were 4-5 times slower than microcosms without limestone. Oxidation of aldicarb to the sulfoxide was minimal within 70 days whereas in separate experiments, the reduction of the sulfoxide to aldicarb was significant over the same time period. The sorption of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone onto limestone was not observed.Recently, several studies have discussed the degradation

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fate of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in Floridan groundwater

Miles¹,

Delfino²

1985

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, oxidation of phosphorothionates such as parathion or chlorpyrifos results in formation of the oxon metabolites, which usually are much less stable than the parent compounds. Thus, phorate sulfoxide may form under aerobic conditions, but the reaction may be reversed under anaerobic conditions in lake mud (Walter-Echols and Lichtenstein, 1977). Thioether oxidation readily occurs for OP insecticides such as phorate and terbufos (Racke and Coats, 1988).…”

Section: Redoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Organophosphorus Insecticides in Environmental Matrices

Racke

1992

Organophosphates Chemistry, Fate, and Effects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In addition, the aldicarb sulfoxide and sulfone degradation products of aldicarb might be reduced under anaerobic soil conditions to parent aldicarb or aldicarb sulfoxide, respectively, effectively resulting in per sistence of aldicarb residues. This has not been demonstrated to occur with these degradation products but reduction under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions to the sulfide has been shown to occur with compounds containing the sulfoxide or sulfone moiety (33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Chemical Characteristics and Monitoring Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Pesticide Contamination of Groundwater from Agricultural Uses

et al. 1984

ACS Symposium Series

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

EPA began to emphasize work on ground water contamination by pesticides in 1979. Much monitoring has been done in this area since 1979, mostly by state agencies and, to a lesser extent, pesticide registrants, university scientists, and EPA.To date, as a result of agricultural use, a total of 12 different pesticides have been found in the ground water of 18 different states. The 12 chemicals represent seven different chemical classes.Despite significant limitations in the laboratory and field data, some generalizations about the key environmental fate parameters and field conditions are made which aid in predicting which compounds will leach to ground water. Use of pesticides in the production of U.S. agricultural commodities is widespread; 370,455 metric tons of active ingredients, which corresponds to 70.3% of the total poundage of pesticide active ingredients used in the U.S., were applied to agricultural land in 1982 (1). With the worldwide increase in need for food and fiber (2), use of pesticides is expected to increase (3). Since nearly half of the U.S. population relies on ground water as their source of drinking water (4), potential for contamination of ground water due to pesticide use must be considered in the registration process.In this paper, the environmental fate characteristics of those pesticides found to date in ground water as a result of agricultural use are summarized. Monitoring data are also summarized. From those summaries, and information on the sites of ground water contamination, it can be concluded which combination of pesticide chemical characteristics and use sites represent a high potential for ground water contamination.Other aspects of assessing potential for ground water contamination, such as study design and modeling, as well as interpretations of sorption, volatility, and photolysis data are also discussed.This chapter not subject to U.S.

show abstract

Microbial Reduction of Phorate Sulfoxide to Phorate in a Soil-Lake Mud-Water Microcosm1

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Fate of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in Floridan groundwater

Fate of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone in Floridan groundwater

Degradation of Organophosphorus Insecticides in Environmental Matrices

Potential Pesticide Contamination of Groundwater from Agricultural Uses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About