Microbial Quality of Treated Wastewater and Borehole Water Used for Irrigation in a Semi-Arid Area

Kgopa, Pholosho M.; Mashela, P. W.; Manyevere, Alen

doi:10.3390/ijerph18168861

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and WHO recommends absence of coliform bacteria in drinking water. Irrigation water should have less than 1000 CFU and 200 CFU of TC and FC, respectively, per 100ml[58][59][60]. The TC and FC counts of the monitored tube wells showed sinusoidal pattern (alternate peaks and troughs) when plotted in the graph (Figure3A and 3B).…”

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confidence: 99%

Geomicrobiological Control on Arsenic Heterogeneity – The Taciturn Factor Controlled by Rural Sanitation System

Ghosh¹,

Mandal²,

Aghababaei³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a common problem in BDP. The alkaline pH of the groundwater provides favourable condition for geomicrobiochemical processes, where organic matter also plays an important role in mobilization of As. The total arsenic content (AsT) of the groundwater is in the range of 69-178 µgL-1 with mean value of 118.58 µgL-1. The groundwater quality of monitored drinking water wells are related to local land–use pattern and rural sanitation installation and practices (which can have a strong influence on microbial contamination). The study indicates that As heterogeneity, probably a consequence of microbial heterogeneity is a feature of the study area. The excessive total and fecal coliform (TC and FC) count of the ponds possibly suggest uncontrolled surface run offs and sewage leakage, notably from nearby pit-latrine, which increased the microbial contamination in these water sources. The tube wells located in close proximity (~ 2-3 m) of the surveyed ponds are also contaminated with high TC and FC values, due to faulty water supply system, pond water infiltration and cracked tube well platforms. Coliforms may influence geomicrobiological processes in groundwater and thereby, contribute in As release and mobilization. The TC and FC values of monitored tube wells and ponds show seasonal variation, with high TC and FC values during wet season. Attempt has been made to focus on sanitation risk of the monitored wells (based on sanitation and fecal coliform scores) which is usually less explored. The sanitary risk score reveal the need of immediate attention to all the sites, as 25.0 %, 58.3 %, 11.1 % and 5 % of tube wells of the six sites fell under very high risk (sanitary risk score ≥ 9), high risk (sanitary risk score 6-8), intermediate risk (sanitary risk score 3-5) and low risk category (sanitary risk score 0-2), respectively. Fecal coliform score classified all the sites under intermediate risk category (FC count 10-100 per 100 ml of water). The predominance of As heterogeneity particularly in areas under high risk category (showing high TC and FC contamination) is observed along with the similar sinusoidal pattern of TC, FC and AsT content. Finally, this study shed light on the factors responsible for unsafe nature of monitored tube wells and the influence of anthropogenic activities on the microenvironment of the groundwater, which could be a probable reason behind the As heterogeneity in the groundwater of the study area.

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confidence: 99%

Geomicrobiological Control on Arsenic Heterogeneity – The Taciturn Factor Controlled by Rural Sanitation System

Ghosh¹,

Mandal²,

Aghababaei³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Identification of microbiogeochemical factors responsible for arsenic release and mobilization, and isolation of heavy metal hyper-tolerant bacterium from irrigation well water: a case study in Rural Bengal

Barman

Mandal²,

Ghosh

et al. 2023

Environ Dev Sustain

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Comprehensive Assessment of the Effect of Various Anthropogenic Activities on the Groundwater Quality

et al. 2022

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Water pollution had become a major problem due to its’ negative impact on the human health. Effects of humaninduced actions on groundwater quality were examined in this study. The physicochemical, heavy metals and microbial parameters of groundwater, sampled during the two major climatic periods in Nigeria, were measured according to APHA approved procedures. Results obtained from laboratory tests revealed that anthropogenic activities had substantial effect on the groundwater quality. The groundwater TDS, nitrate, BOD, chloride and phosphate concentrations varied from 23.93 to 42.32 mg/L, 0.54 to 2.16 mg/L, 2.23 to 4.72 mg/L, 10.78 to 19.15 mg/L, and 0.22 to 0.36 mg/L respectively. Likewise, Cd concentration fluctuated between 0 and 0.001 mg/L, Cu varied between 0 and 0.149 mg/L, Fe varied between 0 and 0.293 mg/L, Pb varied between 0 to 0.105 mg/mL, Zn varied between from 0 and 0.768 mg/L, while Ni fluctuated between 0 and 0.001 mg/L. The findings revealed that areas with poor sanitary situations had poor groundwater quality, compared to the areas with improved sanitary situations. Regarding the microbial population, the highest Total Bacteria and Fungi Counts recorded in the groundwater were 1.11×102 cfu/mL and 1.23×102 cfu/mL respectively. Similarly, the highest recorded Enterobacterial spp., Staphylococus arurius, E. coli, Proteus spp. and Shegeela spp. populations were 26.22×102 cfu/mL, 1.23×102 cfu/mL, 0.41 MPN/100 mL, 0.12 cfu/ml and 0.30×102 cfu/mL respectively. Although, the groundwater physicochemical parameters and heavy metals concentrations were within safe drinking water limits; the groundwater was largely contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, mostly during the rainy season.

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Microbial Quality of Treated Wastewater and Borehole Water Used for Irrigation in a Semi-Arid Area

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Geomicrobiological Control on Arsenic Heterogeneity – The Taciturn Factor Controlled by Rural Sanitation System

Geomicrobiological Control on Arsenic Heterogeneity – The Taciturn Factor Controlled by Rural Sanitation System

Identification of microbiogeochemical factors responsible for arsenic release and mobilization, and isolation of heavy metal hyper-tolerant bacterium from irrigation well water: a case study in Rural Bengal

Comprehensive Assessment of the Effect of Various Anthropogenic Activities on the Groundwater Quality

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