Microbial nitrogen transformations in earthworm burrows

Parkin, Timothy B.; Berry, E. C.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00085-1

Cited by 155 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Parkin and Berry (1999) found that the DOC in burrow soil was much higher than that in nonburrow soil. Jones (1997) observed that there was a strong relationship between the large amount of DOC and the desorption amount of REEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils

Wen

Liu

et al. 2006

Chemosphere

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The effect of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) activity on soil pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), fraction distribution pattern and bioavailability of rare earth elements (REEs) Y, La, Ce, Pr and Nd in nine Chinese soils were investigated using pot experiments. A three-step extraction procedure recommended by the European Community (Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme) was used to fractionate REEs in soils into water soluble, exchangeable and carbonate bound (B1), Fe-and Mn-oxides bound (B2) and organic matter and sulfide bound (B3). Inoculated with earthworms, the soil pH, DOC and water-soluble rare earth elements fraction increased. A significant correlation was obtained between the increased DOC and the increased water-soluble REEs. REEs in fraction B1 increased after earthworm inoculation, while those in fraction B3 decreased. No significant differences were observed for REEs in fraction B2. The biomass and the concentrations of REEs in wheat shoots and roots increased after the treatment with earthworms. The results demonstrated that earthworm activity increased the mobility and bioavailability of REEs in soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Therefore, it is important to determine the pH change due to the earthworm activity. The increasing soil pH was attributed to the increase N associated excreta by earthworm such as alkaline urine (Parkin and Berry, 1999;Salmon, 2001). Another explanation for the increasing pH could be earthworm calciferous glands (Lee, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils

Wen

Liu

et al. 2006

Chemosphere

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“…Such surfaces in soil are exposed to oxygen, are associated with high exoenzyme activities, carbon turnover and sustain a highly respiratory active, heterotrophic microbial community (Zhang and Schrader, 1993;Tiunov and Scheu, 1999;Don et al, 2008). Burrow walls are rich in (dissolved) organic carbon, nutrients and moisture, and thus provide ideal conditions for soil aerobes (Zhang and Schrader, 1993;Devliegher and Verstraete, 1997;Parkin and Berry, 1999;Tiunov and Scheu, 1999;Tiunov and Dobrovolskaya, 2002;Amador et al, 2003). MCPA degradation is stimulated by moisture in soil (Helweg, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa stimulates abundance and activity of phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicide degraders

Zaprasis

Liu

et al. 2010

The ISME Journal

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2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) is a widely used phenoxyalkanoic acid (PAA) herbicide. Earthworms represent the dominant macrofauna and enhance microbial activities in many soils. Thus, the effect of the model earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) on microbial MCPA degradation was assessed in soil columns with agricultural soil. MCPA degradation was quicker in soil with earthworms than without earthworms. Quantitative PCR was inhibition-corrected per nucleic acid extract and indicated that copy numbers of tfdA-like and cadA genes (both encoding oxygenases initiating aerobic PAA degradation) in soil with earthworms were up to three and four times higher than without earthworms, respectively. tfdA-like and 16S rRNA gene transcript copy numbers in soil with earthworms were two and six times higher than without earthworms, respectively. Most probable numbers (MPNs) of MCPA degraders approximated 4 × 105 gdw−1 in soil before incubation and in soil treated without earthworms, whereas MPNs of earthworm-treated soils were approximately 150 × higher. The aerobic capacity of soil to degrade MCPA was higher in earthworm-treated soils than in earthworm-untreated soils. Burrow walls and 0–5 cm depth bulk soil displayed higher capacities to degrade MCPA than did soil from 5–10 cm depth bulk soil, expression of tfdA-like genes in burrow walls was five times higher than in bulk soil and MCPA degraders were abundant in burrow walls (MPNs of 5 × 107 gdw−1). The collective data indicate that earthworms stimulate abundance and activity of MCPA degraders endogenous to soil by their burrowing activities and might thus be advantageous for enhancing PAA degradation in soil.

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“…SEM micrographs give general information about textural and mineralogical properties, particle shape and surface roughness and can be used as a supplemental, visualizing method to interpret and understand microstructural changes (Baumgarten et al, 2013). Biologically alterations show in elevated populations of e.g., nitrifying bacteria (Parkin and Berry, 1999) and result in enhanced nitrogen turnover rates. Since decades, research focuses on the rhizosphere that is the region of soil in the vicinity of plant roots in which the chemistry and microbiology is influenced by their growth, respiration, and nutrient exchange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

Haas

Horn

2018

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Macroscopic biopores, like earthworm burrows or channels which remain after a root decayed, act as preferential flow paths for water, gas, and heat transport processes, and viewing at agricultural production, as preferential elongation paths for plant roots. These processes result in intense alterations of the soil volume and its composition that surrounds the pores. The effects of these processes were analyzed at small-scale and physico-chemical soil parameters, i.e., relative oxygen diffusion coefficient (D s /D O ), oxygen partial pressure pO 2 , Eh and pH of biopore walls, were measured. The analyses were carried out on undisturbed soil samples with different colonization history, excavated from a haplic Luvisol derived from loess. Soil resistance to penetration was determined simultaneously with D s /D O and pO 2 using a coupled, self-developed approach, and four matric potentials (namely, m = −1 kPa; −3 kPa; −6 kPa or −30 kPa) were considered. We hypothesized that physico-chemical soil parameters in biopore walls were altered due to differing influences on the soil aggregation. Aggregation was visualized with scanning electron microscopy, classified and used to explain differences in-soil properties. Plant roots and earthworms altered aggregation next to biopore surfaces in a contrasted way, either by enhancing aggregates diversity or homogenizing it. Roots led to the formation of subpolyeders while earthworms formed subplates. Pore functions of microaggregates were comparable to those of larger scale, and subpolyeders showed much more favorable soil properties in terms of soil aeration (Ds/Do, pO2). Replicates of all parameters scattered intensely and showed deviations up to several orders of magnitude in case of D s /D O underlining the large variability of soil properties in biopore walls.

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Microbial nitrogen transformations in earthworm burrows

Cited by 155 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils

Effect of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the fractionation and bioavailability of rare earth elements in nine Chinese soils

The earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa stimulates abundance and activity of phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicide degraders

Impact of Small-Scaled Differences in Micro-Aggregation on Physico-Chemical Parameters of Macroscopic Biopore Walls

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