Microbial nanowires: an electrifying tale

Sure, Sandeep; Ackland, M. Leigh; Torriero, Angel A. J.; Adholeya, Alok; Kochar, Mandira

doi:10.1099/mic.0.000382

Cited by 87 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…In this study, a noncontact interaction mode between strains YYL and MLY1 was ensured by separately culturing the two strains while maintaining extracellular metabolite exchange. It is noteworthy that metabolite communication has been widely shown to mediate contact-independent interactions between bacteria (22)(23)(24). Based on these findings, we focused on elucidating the metabolic interaction mechanism between strains YYL and MLY1 by examining the changing profiles of metabolites in the mono-and coculture systems at the optimal pH of 8.3 and a stressful pH of 7.0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite Cross-Feeding between Rhodococcus ruber YYL and Bacillus cereus MLY1 in the Biodegradation of Tetrahydrofuran under pH Stress

Liu

Huang

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bacterial consortia are among the most basic units in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants. Pollutant-degrading strains frequently encounter different types of environmental stresses and must be able to survive with other bacteria present in the polluted environments. In this study, we proposed a noncontact interaction mode between a tetrahydrofuran (THF)-degrading strain, Rhodococcus ruber YYL, and a non-THF-degrading strain, Bacillus cereus MLY1. The metabolic interaction mechanism between strains YYL and MLY1 was explored through physiological and molecular studies and was further supported by the metabolic response profile of strain YYL, both monocultured and cocultured with strain MLY1 at the optimal pH (pH 8.3) and under pH stress (pH 7.0), through a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis. The results suggested that the coculture system resists pH stress in three ways: (i) strain MLY1 utilized acid metabolites and impacted the proportion of glutamine, resulting in an elevated intracellular pH of the system; (ii) strain MLY1 had the ability to degrade intermediates, thus alleviating the product inhibition of strain YYL; and (iii) strain MLY1 produced some essential micronutrients for strain YYL to aid the growth of this strain under pH stress, while strain YYL produced THF degradation intermediates for strain MLY1 as major nutrients. In addition, a metabolite cross-feeding interaction with respect to pollutant biodegradation is discussed. IMPORTANCE Rhodococcus species have been discovered in diverse environmental niches and can degrade numerous recalcitrant toxic pollutants. However, the pollutant degradation efficiency of these strains is severely reduced due to the complexity of environmental conditions and limitations in the growth of the pollutant-degrading microorganism. In our study, Bacillus cereus strain MLY1 exhibited strong stress resistance to adapt to various environments and improved the THF degradation efficiency of Rhodococcus ruber YYL by a metabolic cross-feeding interaction style to relieve the pH stress. These findings suggest that metabolite cross-feeding occurred in a complementary manner, allowing a pollutant-degrading strain to collaborate with a nondegrading strain in the biodegradation of various recalcitrant compounds. The study of metabolic exchanges is crucial to elucidate mechanisms by which degrading and symbiotic bacteria interact to survive environmental stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite Cross-Feeding between Rhodococcus ruber YYL and Bacillus cereus MLY1 in the Biodegradation of Tetrahydrofuran under pH Stress

Liu

Huang

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…2), varied intercellular connective systems exist in Bacillus subtilis, Geobactor spp., and other bacterial species [39] (reviewed in ref. [40]). These connections occur both intra-and inter-specifically with nanowires or nanotubes bridging the cells [39], or with outer membrane extensions and vesicle chains as observed in Shewanella oneidensis [41].…”

Section: Induction Formation and Cohesiveness Of Coloniesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron and phosphorus deprivation induce sociality in the marine bloom-forming cyanobacterium Trichodesmium

et al. 2018

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Trichodesmium spp. are diazotrophic cyanobacteria that exist as single filaments (trichomes) and as macroscopic colonies of varying shapes formed by aggregating trichomes. The causes and dynamics of colony formation and disassociation are not yet elucidated. we demonstrate that limited availability of dissolved phosphorus (P) or iron (Fe) stimulated trichome mobility and induced colony formation in Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 cultures. The specific nutrient limitation differentially affected the rate of colony formation and morphology of the colonies. Fe starvation promoted rapid colony formation (10-48 h from depletion) while 5-7 days were required for colonies to form in P-depleted cultures. Video analyses confirmed that the probability of trichomes to cluster increased from 12 to 35% when transferred from nutrient replete to Fe-depleted conditions. Moreover, the probability for Fe-depleted aggregates to remain colonial increased to 50% from only 10% in nutrient replete cultures. These colonies were also characterized by stronger attachment forces between the trichomes. Enrichment of nutrient-depleted cultures with the limited nutrient-stimulated colony dissociation into single trichomes. We postulate that limited P and Fe availability enhance colony formation of Trichodesmium and primarily control the abundance and distribution of its different morphologies in the nutrient-limited surface ocean.

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“…Several mechanisms for EET have been described in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 22, 23 . In some bacteria, microbial nanowires, composed of extracellular filamentous protein fibers and/or of cytochrome-associated fibers, have been proposed to aid EET by directly connecting the bacterial cell surface to extracellular metal oxides, or alternatively, by interacting with extracellular soluble redox mediators 23, 24 . Biochemical and structural analysis have recently demonstrated that the conductive filaments of Geobacter sulfurreducens consist of polymerized chains of the hexaheme cytochrome OmcS 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sortase-assembled pili promote extracellular electron transfer and iron acquisition inEnterococcus faecalisbiofilm

Lam

Wong

Matysik

et al. 2019

Preprint

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24Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic human pathogen and the cause of biofilm-25 associated infections of the heart, catheterized urinary tract, wounds, and the dysbiotic gut 26 where it can expand to high numbers upon microbiome perturbations. The E. faecalis sortase-27 assembled endocarditis and biofilm associated pilus (Ebp) is involved in adhesion and 28 biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. Extracellular electron transfer (EET) also promotes E. 29 faecalis biofilm formation in iron-rich environments, however neither the mechanism 30 underlying EET nor its role in virulence was previously known. Here we show that iron 31 associated with Ebp serve as a terminal electron acceptor for EET, leading to extracellular 32 iron reduction and intracellular iron accumulation. We found that a MIDAS motif within the 33 EbpA tip adhesin is required for interaction with iron, EET, and FeoB-mediated iron uptake. 34 We demonstrate that MenB and Ndh3, essential components of the aerobic respiratory chain 35 and a specialized flavin-mediated electron transport chain, respectively, are required for iron-36 mediated EET. In addition, using a mouse gastrointestinal (GI) colonization model, we show 37 that EET is essential for colonization of the GI tract, and Ebp is essential for augmented E. 38 faecalis GI colonization when dietary iron is in excess. Taken together, our findings show 39 that pilus mediated capture of iron within biofilms enables EET-mediated iron acquisition in 40 E. faecalis, and that these processes plays an important role in E. faecalis expansion in the GI 41 tract. 42 43 Significance 44 Understanding enterococcal biofilm development is the first step towards improved 45 therapeutics for the often antimicrobial resistant infections caused by these bacteria. Here we 46 report a role for Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis and biofilm associated pili (Ebp) in 47 (EET) which in turn promotes iron acquisition. Furthermore, we characterize the mechanisms 49 underlying electron transfer in the E. faecalis biofilm. Our findings support a model in which 50 E. faecalis use EET to drive the reduction of pilus-associated ferric iron, leading to iron 51 acquisition in E. faecalis biofilm, and contributing to enterococcal virulence in the GI tract.52 53 Introduction 54 Enterococcus faecalis is an important human opportunistic pathogen that causes a variety of 55 diseases including endocarditis, urinary tract infections (UTI), bacteremia, wound infection, 56 and medical device-associated infections 1 . Many of these infections are polymicrobial and 57 biofilm-associated, rendering them more tolerant to antimicrobial and immune clearance, and 58 contributing to their persistent nature 1 . Therefore, a detailed understanding of enterococcal 59 biofilm development is a critical step towards advancing new therapeutics for treatment of 60 these often antimicrobial resistant infections 1,2 . 61 62One important factor contributing to E. faecalis biofilm formation and virulence is the 63 sortase-assembled endo...

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Microbial nanowires: an electrifying tale

Cited by 87 publications

References 89 publications

Metabolite Cross-Feeding between Rhodococcus ruber YYL and Bacillus cereus MLY1 in the Biodegradation of Tetrahydrofuran under pH Stress

Metabolite Cross-Feeding between Rhodococcus ruber YYL and Bacillus cereus MLY1 in the Biodegradation of Tetrahydrofuran under pH Stress

Iron and phosphorus deprivation induce sociality in the marine bloom-forming cyanobacterium Trichodesmium

Sortase-assembled pili promote extracellular electron transfer and iron acquisition inEnterococcus faecalisbiofilm

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