Microbial metabolites in plant disease management: Review on biological approach

Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid (PCA), Produced for the First Time as an Antifungal Metabolite by Truncatella angustata, a Causal Agent of Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) in Iran

“…This was identified as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), a compound frequently isolated from Pseudomonas spp. and well known for its antifungal activity and potential application in agriculture as a potential fungicide to control phytopathogens that infect the agricultural plants with high world market value. , …”

“…and well known for its antifungal activity and potential application in agriculture as a potential fungicide to control phytopathogens that infect the agricultural plants with high world market value. 6,7 Thus, this manuscript reports the isolation of phenazine-1carboxylic acid for the first time from the culture filtrates of the phytopathogenic fungus T. angustata and its involvement in GTDs in Iran. Its role in completely inhibiting the growth of other fungi competing in the same environment has also been discussed.…”

Effect of Some Nematicides on Hatching Eggs and Viability of Second Stage Juveniles of Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Incognita Under Laboratory Conditions

“…From the same table, we note that the higher the concentration of pesticides used, the higher the number of juveniles. These findings attest to the efficiency of plant-based pesticides in preventing root-knot nematodes [9,11].…”

“…50 ± 4 eggs were placed in each petre dish, 5 cm in diameter, and left for 5 minutes to evaporate the largest possible amount of water, noting that the sample did not dry out to prevent the eggs from drying out. Then 3 cm 3 of each of the tested materials were added separately to each concentration and in five replicates, then Each plate was covered and transferred to the incubator at a temperature of 30°C, which is the optimum temperature for nematode eggs hatching and incubated for one week, and the results (egg hatch ability percentage) were obtained on the seventh day only [10][11][12].…”

“…Although, several methods were successfully applied to control nematodes, including chemical methods, which showed high efficiency in combating them, however their high cost and threaten the ecosystem, human and animal health, in addition to their long lifespan limited their wide use [9]. Therefore, seeking for alternative ways to combat this pest, including the use of nematicides of plant origin which is less toxic to humans and animals, non-polluting to the environment, and more effective against nematodes on various plants [10,11]. Accordingly, this research aims to know the effect of some organic nematicides on egg hatching and the vitality of second-phase juveniles of root knot nematodes.…”