Microbial mats: an ecological niche for fungi

Cantrell, Sharon A.; Duval-Pérez, Lisabeth

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2012.00424

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Hence, it is conceivable that amoebophagous Zoopagomycota were already parasites of such amoebae, although it is very unlikely that we will find compelling fossil evidence to confirm this. Ediacaran circular fossils have been proposed to represent microbial mats (Grazhdankin & Gerdes, ; LaFlamme et al, ), and are similar to certain contemporary communities known to harbour fungi (Cantrell & Duval‐Pérez, ; Cantrell et al, ). Other authors claim these fossils are from lichens and slime moulds (Retallack, ), suggesting an already well‐developed terrestrial microbial ecosystem.…”

Section: Down To Earth: Terrestrialization In Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

2019

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Fungi are a highly diverse group of heterotrophic eukaryotes characterized by the absence of phagotrophy and the presence of a chitinous cell wall. While unicellular fungi are far from rare, part of the evolutionary success of the group resides in their ability to grow indefinitely as a cylindrical multinucleated cell (hypha). Armed with these morphological traits and with an extremely high metabolical diversity, fungi have conquered numerous ecological niches and have shaped a whole world of interactions with other living organisms. Herein we survey the main evolutionary and ecological processes that have guided fungal diversity. We will first review the ecology and evolution of the zoosporic lineages and the process of terrestrialization, as one of the major evolutionary transitions in this kingdom. Several plausible scenarios have been proposed for fungal terrestralization and we here propose a new scenario, which considers icy environments as a transitory niche between water and emerged land. We then focus on exploring the main ecological relationships of Fungi with other organisms (other fungi, protozoans, animals and plants), as well as the origin of adaptations to certain specialized ecological niches within the group (lichens, black fungi and yeasts). Throughout this review we use an evolutionary and comparative-genomics perspective to understand fungal ecological diversity. Finally, we highlight the importance of genome-enabled inferences to envision plausible narratives and scenarios for important transitions.

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Section: Down To Earth: Terrestrialization In Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

2019

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“…To our knowledge, the present study represents the first report of Palmophyllales in saline mats. Finally, Fungi are diverse and common in hypersaline water columns and mats (Edgcomb and Bernhard, 2013) where they are potentially involved in EPS degradation (Cantrell and Duval-P erez, 2013). They encompassed most of the eukaryotic community diversity below the chemocline in Llamara mats and are likely thermophilic, as the temperature reaches up to 528C at the surface of LLA9-D.…”

Section: Eukaryotes In Microbial Matsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling microbial interactions in stratified mat communities from a warm saline shallow pond

Saghaï

Gutiérrez-Preciado

Deschamps

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Modern phototrophic microbial mats are complex communities often used as analogs of major Precambrian ecosystems. Characterizing biotic, notably metabolic, interactions among different microbial mat members is essential to gain insights into the ecology and biogeochemistry of these systems. We applied 16S/18S rRNA metabarcoding approaches to characterize the structure of archaea, bacteria and protist communities from microbial mats collected along strong physicochemical (oxygen, salinity, temperature, depth) gradients in a shallow pond at the salar de Llamara (Chile). All mats were highly diverse, including members of virtually all known high-rank eukaryotic and prokaryotic taxa but also many novel lineages. Bacterial candidate divisions accounted for almost 50% of sequences in deeper mats, while Archaea represented up to 40% of sequences in some mat layers. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed six novel deeply divergent archaeal groups, along abundant and diverse Pacearchaeota and Woesearchaeota. Multivariate statistical analyses showed that local environmental conditions strongly influenced community composition. Co-occurrence network structure was markedly different between surface mats located in the oxygenated zone and mats located in transition and anoxic water layers. We identified potential biotic interactions between various high- and low-rank taxa. Notably, a strong positive correlation was observed between Lokiarchaeota and the poorly known candidate bacterial division TA06.

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“…Previous studies in Puerto Rico have aimed to characterize fungi adapted to hypersaline environments using classic molecular and culture-based approaches (Cantrell et al 2007;Cantrell and Duval-Perez 2012) and basidiomycete ectomycorrhizal fungi (Miller et al 2000). More recently, the diversity of soil fungi has been characterized using NGS techniques at three localities in El Yunque National Forest (NF) (Tedersoo et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA-metabarcoding uncovers the diversity of soil-inhabiting fungi in the tropical island of Puerto Rico

et al. 2016

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Available online xxx Keywords:Communities Dikarya High-throughput sequencing Internal transcribed spacer Molecular operational taxonomic unit a b s t r a c t Soil fungal communities in tropical regions remain poorly understood. In order to increase the knowledge of diversity of soil-inhabiting fungi, we extracted total DNA from top-organic soil collected in seven localities dominated by four major ecosystems in the tropical island of Puerto Rico. In order to comprehensively characterize the fungal community, we PCRamplified the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) fungal barcode using newly designed degenerated primers and varying annealing temperatures to minimize primer bias.Sequencing results, obtained using Ion Torrent technology, comprised a total of 566,613 sequences after quality filtering. These sequences were clustered into 4140 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) after removing low frequency sequences and rarefaction to account for differences in read depth between samples. Our results demonstrate that soil fungal communities in Puerto Rico are structured by ecosystem. Ascomycota, followed by Basidiomycota, dominates the diversity of fungi in soil. Amongst Ascomycota, the recently described soil-inhabiting class Archaeorhizomycetes was present in all localities, and taxa in Archaeorhizomycetes were among the most commonly observed MOTUs. The Basidiomycota community was dominated by soil decomposers and ectomycorrhizal fungi with a distribution strongly affected by local variation to a greater degree than Ascomycota.

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Microbial mats: an ecological niche for fungi

Cited by 14 publications

References 57 publications

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

Fungal evolution: major ecological adaptations and evolutionary transitions

Unveiling microbial interactions in stratified mat communities from a warm saline shallow pond

DNA-metabarcoding uncovers the diversity of soil-inhabiting fungi in the tropical island of Puerto Rico

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